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. 2023 Jun 1;57(2):109-116.
eCollection 2023 Jun.

Oral health behaviours and cariogenic food consumption in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a cross-sectional study

Mehrdad Vossoughi  1 , Reyhaneh Eskandari  2 , Maryam Bakhtiar  3
Affiliations

Oral health behaviours and cariogenic food consumption in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a cross-sectional study

Mehrdad Vossoughi et al. Can J Dent Hyg. .

Abstract
in English, French

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) contributes to functional impairments in the performance of personal tasks such as oral hygiene. This study aimed to compare oral health behaviours and consumption of cariogenic foods in children diagnosed with ADHD and healthy control peers.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 children with ADHD aged 6 to 11 years made up the study group, and 60 peers of the same age, sex, and from the same school, without a history of ADHD, made up the control group. To compare the parent-reported behaviours between the 2 groups, conditional logistic regression was used to obtain matched pairs odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: Children with ADHD were 0.4 times less likely than their non-ADHD peers to brush their teeth at least once a day (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18-0.91, p = 0.028). Moreover, compared to the control group, children with ADHD were 4.71 and 9.67 times more likely to consume cariogenic foods (95% CI: 2.08-10.66, p < 0.001) and drinks (95% CI: 2.94-31.73, p < 0.001), respectively, at least thrice a day.

Conclusion: In comparison to their non-ADHD peers, children diagnosed with ADHD were less likely to brush their teeth and simultaneously more likely to consume both cariogenic foods and drinks.

Introduction: Le trouble déficitaire de l’attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH) contribue aux déficiences fonctionnelles dans l’exécution de tâches personnelles comme l’hygiène buccale. Cette étude visait à comparer les comportements en matière de santé buccodentaire et la consommation d’aliments cariogènes chez les enfants ayant reçu un diagnostic de TDAH et chez des enfants témoins en bonne santé.

Méthodes: Dans cette étude transversale, 60 enfants ayant un TDAH, âgés de 6 à 11 ans formaient le groupe d’étude, et 60 enfants du même âge, du même sexe et de la même école, sans antécédents de TDAH, formaient le groupe témoin. Pour comparer les comportements déclarés par les parents entre les 2 groupes, on a utilisé des modèles de régression logistique conditionnelle pour calculer le rapport des cotes (RC) par paires appariées avec des intervalles de confiance (IC) de 95 %.

Résultats: Les enfants atteints de TDAH étaient 0,4 fois moins susceptibles que leurs pairs sans TDAH de se brosser les dents au moins une fois par jour (RC = 0,40, IC à 95 % : 0,18 à 0,91, p = 0,028). De plus, comparativement au groupe témoin, les enfants atteints de TDAH étaient 4,71 et 9,67 fois plus susceptibles de consommer des aliments (IC à 95 % : 2,08 à 10,66, p < 0,001) et des boissons cariogènes (IC à 95 % : 2,94 à 31,73, p < 0,001), respectivement, au moins trois fois par jour.

Conclusion: Comparativement à leurs pairs sans TDAH, les enfants souffrant de TDAH étaient moins susceptibles de se brosser les dents et simultanément plus susceptibles de consommer à la fois des aliments et des boissons cariogènes.

Keywords: ADHD; cariogenic foods; children; oral health behaviours.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Recommendations to improve the oral health of children with ADHD
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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