Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Jul 17;69(7):e20230164.
doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230164. eCollection 2023.

Effects of closed and open kinetic chain exercises on pain, muscle strength, function, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Anıl Özüdoğru  1 , Nihal Gelecek  2
Affiliations

Effects of closed and open kinetic chain exercises on pain, muscle strength, function, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis

Anıl Özüdoğru et al. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). .

Abstract

Objective: Therapeutic exercises are well documented for the treatment of osteoarthritis; there is less evidence on what the effect of closed kinetic chain exercises is for knee osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of open kinetic chain exercises and closed kinetic chain exercises on pain, muscle strength, functional status, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Methods: The study included a total of 60 patients with primary unilateral knee osteoarthritis grade I and II. The patients were categorized into three groups as open kinetic chain exercises (n=20), closed kinetic chain exercises (n=20), and control group (n=20). The outcome measures, including pain, isokinetic muscle strength, functional status, and quality of life, were collected at baseline and at the end of 6 and 12 weeks.

Results: Closed kinetic chain exercises and open kinetic chain exercises had significant improvement in pain, muscle strength, WOMAC, and SF-36 scores after the treatment and at their 6th and 12th week follow-ups compared to their baseline values and compared to the control group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The changes in all outcome measures were similar between closed kinetic chain exercises and open kinetic chain exercises (p>0.05). Closed kinetic chain exercises and open kinetic chain exercises were similar for knee osteoarthritis grade I and II. Closed kinetic chain exercises could be safely added to the exercise programs of patients with low-grade knee osteoarthritis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: the authors declare there is no conflicts of interest.

References

    1. Hall M, Esch M, Hinman RS, Peat G, Zwart A, Quicke JG, et al. How does hip osteoarthritis differ from knee osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2022;30(1):32–41. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.09.010. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bennell KL, Kyriakides M, Metcalf B, Egerton T, Wrigley TV, Hodges PW, et al. Neuromuscular versus quadriceps strengthening exercise in patients with medial knee osteoarthritis and varus malalignment: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014;66(4):950–9. doi: 10.1002/art.38317. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Bennell KL, Nelligan RK, Kimp AJ, Schwartz S, Kasza J, Wrigley TV, et al. What type of exercise is most effective for people with knee osteoarthritis and co-morbid obesity?: the TARGET randomized controlled trial. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2020;28(6):755–65. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.02.838. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Rooij M, Leeden M, Cheung J, Esch M, Häkkinen A, Haverkamp D, et al. Efficacy of tailored exercise therapy on physical functioning in patients with knee osteoarthritis and comorbidity: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2017;69(6):807–16. doi: 10.1002/acr.23013. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ceballos-Laita L, Estébanez-Miguel E, Martín-Nieto G, Bueno-Gracia E, Fortún-Agúd M, Jiménez-Del-Barrio S. Effects of non-pharmacological conservative treatment on pain, range of motion and physical function in patients with mild to moderate hip osteoarthritis. A systematic review. Complement Ther Med. 2019;42:214–22. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.021. - DOI - PubMed