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. 2023 Sep 1;133(17):e171742.
doi: 10.1172/JCI171742.

No evidence of durable trained immunity after two doses of adenovirus-vectored or mRNA COVID-19 vaccines

Natalie E Stevens  1   2 , Feargal J Ryan  1   2 , Nicole L Messina  3   4 , Stephen J Blake  1   2 , Todd S Norton  1 , Susie Germano  3 , Jane James  1 , Georgina L Eden  1 , Yee C Tee  1   2 , Miriam A Lynn  1   2 , Rochelle Botten  1 , Simone E Barry  5 , Nigel Curtis  3   4 , David J Lynn  1   2
Affiliations

No evidence of durable trained immunity after two doses of adenovirus-vectored or mRNA COVID-19 vaccines

Natalie E Stevens et al. J Clin Invest. .
No abstract available

Keywords: COVID-19; Epigenetics; Innate immunity; Monocytes; Vaccines.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. No evidence of trained immunity in PBMCs or circulating monocytes after two doses of ChAdOx1-S or BNT162b2 vaccines.
(A) PBMCs collected from participants before vaccination (Pre) and approximately 28 days following (Post) the second dose of the BNT162b2 (n = 33) or ChAdOx1-S (n = 13) vaccines were stimulated in vitro with heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae (HKSP), heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus (HKSA), resiquimod (R848), heat-killed Candida albicans (HKCA), or LPS for 20 to 22 hours. Cytokine production was quantified via multiplex immunoassay. (B) Shown is log2 fold-change (median ± 95% CI) in cytokine concentrations (after versus before vaccination). (C) Expression (geometric mean fluorescence intensity [gMFI]) of HLA-DR and CD86 on classical monocytes (before versus after vaccination). (D) Shown is t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) analysis of ATAC-Seq data before and after vaccination. (E) Mean chromatin accessibility and (F) representative plots of peaks ± 5 kb of the TSS of selected genes previously shown to have altered accessibility in monocytes following BNT162b2 or BCG vaccination (4, 6). CPM, counts per million. (B, C, and E) Wilcoxon’s log-rank tests (after versus before vaccination). (C) Groups compared via Mann-Whitney U test. **P < 0.01.
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References

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