Pharmacological potential of Jussiaea repens L. against CuSO4 and bacterial lipopolysaccharide O55:B5 induced inflammation using in-vivo zebrafish models

Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The Northeastern state of India is known for its remarkable biodiversity and untapped medicinal resources. Jussiaea repens L., commonly known as water primrose, is a plant found in this region that has been traditionally used by indigenous communities for various purposes. It has been employed to treat skin ulcerations, bone fractures, rheumatism, stomach pain, and intestinal worms. Despite its long-standing ethnopharmacological usage, there is limited scientific research on the bioactivity of Jussiaea repens L. However, preliminary studies have shown its potential antioxidant properties and cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Further exploration of its medicinal properties, particularly its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent, is warranted.

Aim of the study: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of Jussiaea repens L., a plant species found in the biodiverse Northeastern region of India. The plant has been traditionally used by indigenous communities for various ailments. By utilizing zebrafish as an animal model and evaluating its effects in different inflammation models, the study aimed to uncover the plant's potential as an anti-inflammatory agent. The research contributes to the scientific understanding of this traditional remedy and its potential therapeutic applications.

Methods: Jussiaea repens L. extract was obtained from the stem and leaves using methanol as the solvent. Zebrafish embryos were used for in vivo assays. The anti-inflammatory study included two models: CuSO₄-induced inflammation and tail wounding followed by bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. The activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in CuSO₄-induced inflammation. Leukocyte migration at the injury site was observed in the tail wounding model. The extract's inhibition of the 15-LOX enzyme was assessed. All procedures followed established protocols and ethical guidelines.

Results and conclusion: Jussiaea repens L. extract exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in two in vivo zebrafish models: CuSO₄-induced inflammation and tail wounding combined with bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. The extract reduced mortality rates and showed antioxidant effects by increasing catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in the CuSO₄ model. In the tail wounding model, the extract reduced leukocyte migration in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, the extract demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of the 15-LOX enzyme in the in vitro assay. These results suggest that Jussiaea repens L. extract possesses anti-inflammatory properties and inhibits the 15-LOX enzyme.

Keywords: 15-Lipoxygenase; Bacterial lipopolysaccharide; CuSO(4); Inflammation; Jussiaea repens L.; Zebrafish.