Prevalence of dyslipidemia and its associated factors among university academic staff and students in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the important contributors to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. There is little or no information on dyslipidemia among academic staff and students in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors related to dyslipidemia among university academic staff and students in Bangladesh.

Methods: A total of 533 participants (302 academic staff and 231 students) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. A simple random sampling technique was used to enrol the participants. Fasting blood samples were obtained from the participants, and serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured using the standard methods. Dyslipidemia was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP-III) model guideline. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the factors related to lipid marker abnormalities.

Results: Overall, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 81.5%, of which 85% was in staff and 76.5% in students. A significant difference was found in the prevalence of dyslipidemia between males and females only in the student group (p < 0.01). Among staff, hypertriglyceridemia prevalence was 49.7%, hypercholesterolemia 23%, high LDL-C 24.7% and low HDL-C 77.3%. On the other hand, hypertriglyceridemia prevalence was 39%, hypercholesterolemia 25.6%, high LDL-C 26.5% and low HDL-C 69.3% among students. The most common lipid abnormality was low HDL-C in both groups. The prevalence of mixed dyslipidemia was 14.2% and 14.1% in staff and students, respectively. According to the regression analysis, increased age, obesity, diabetes, and inadequate physical activity were significantly associated with dyslipidemia.

Conclusions: Dyslipidemia was prevalent among the majority of the study participants. Increased age, obesity, diabetes, and inadequate physical activity were significantly associated with dyslipidemia. The study's results highlight the importance of implementing interventions to address the associated risk factors of dyslipidemia among academic staff and students in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Bangladesh; Dyslipidemia; Prevalence; Risk factors; University staff and students.

Fig. 1

Dyslipidemia prevalence in the sex (A), health status (B) and age (C) groups among academic staff. In Fig. 1(A), ^ap<0.05 when the male group is compared to the female group. In Fig. 1(B), ^a,bp<0.001; ^cp<0.05 and ^d,ep<0.01 when the healthy group is compared to hypertensive and diabetic groups respectively. In Fig. 1(C), ^ap<0.01; ^bp<0.001 when the lower age groups are compared to the highest age group. P-values are obtained from the chi-square test

Fig. 2

Dyslipidemia prevalence in the sex (A), health status (B) and age (C) groups among students. In Fig. 2(A), ^a,cp<0.001; ^bp<0.05 when the male group is compared to the female group. In Fig. 2(B), ^a,b,cp<0.05 and ^d,ep<0.05 when the healthy group is compared to the hypertensive and diabetic groups respectively. In Fig. 2(C), ^a,bp<0.001 when the lower age groups are compared to the highest age group. P-values are obtained from the chi-square test