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. 2023 Jul 21:45:e00223.
doi: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm002023. eCollection 2023.

Eurytrematosis in cattle in southern Espírito Santo State, Brazil - case report

Renata de Paula Santos  1 , Caio Alves Cardoso  1 , Marcos Paulo Brinati Miranda  1 , Eduardo Vargas de Oliveira  2 , Júlio Francisco Valiati Marin  2 , Natânia do Carmo Sperandio  2 , Louisiane de Carvalho Nunes  3 , Isabella Vilhena Freire Martins  3
Affiliations

Eurytrematosis in cattle in southern Espírito Santo State, Brazil - case report

Renata de Paula Santos et al. Braz J Vet Med. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

This work reports an outbreak of eurytrematosis in cattle in the municipality of Ibitirama, southern Espírito Santo State, Brazil. Six cattle were necropsied from August to December 2019, with finding of Eurytrema coelomaticum in the pancreas. A survey of epidemiological data was carried out on the farms along with coproparasitological examination of cattle from the same herd. Parasites were found in all necropsied animals, with different degrees of parasitism, ranging from mild to massive infection (6 - 2000 specimens). Macroscopic analyses of the pancreas revealed changes in 83.33% (5/6) of the cases, and by microscopy, pancreatic fibrosis ranging from Grade I to Grade III was observed. Inspection of the grazing areas confirmed the presence of two intermediate hosts, a terrestrial snail of the Bradybaena genus, with larval forms of the trematode in histological findings, and a grasshopper of the Conocephalus genus. Although none of the cattle showed clinical signs in the coproparasitological examination, 73.80% (31/42) tested positive for E. coelomaticum eggs. This is the first record of an outbreak of eurytrematosis in cattle in Espírito Santo State, indicating the importance of carrying out diagnosis based on epidemiology and necroscopic and parasitological examinations in animals in the region so that appropriate control measures can be adopted.

Este trabalho objetivou relatar um caso de euritrematose em bovinos no município de Ibitirama, Sul do Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Foram necropsiados seis bovinos de agosto a dezembro de 2019, que apresentaram Eurytrema coelomaticum no pâncreas. Foi realizado levantamento de dados epidemiológicos nas propriedades e exames coproparasitológico em bovinos do mesmo plantel. Em todos os animais necropsiados foram encontrados parasitos, com diferentes graus de parasitismo, variando de infeção branda a maciça (6 - 2000 exemplares). Análises macroscópicas dos pâncreas revelaram alterações em 83,33% (5/6) dos casos e, na microscopia, observou-se fibrose pancreática variando de Grau I a Grau III. A inspeção das áreas de pastejo constatou a presença dos dois hospedeiros intermediários, moluscos terrestres do gênero Bradybaena com formas larvares do trematoda em achados histológicos e gafanhotos do gênero Conocephalus. Nenhum dos bovinos apresentou sinais clínicos, no entanto, no exame coproparasitológico, 73,80% (31/42) testaram positivo para ovos de E. coelomaticum. Este é o primeiro registro de surto de euritrematose em bovinos no estado do Espírito Santo, mostrando a importância da realização do diagnostico a partir da epidemiologia e de exames necroscópicos e parasitológicos em animais da região para que sejam adotadas medidas adequadas de controle.

Keywords: Eurytrema coelomaticum; epidemiology; pancreas.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interests: The authors declare they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the results reported in this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Photomacrographs of bovine pancreas samples with eurytrematosis from cows in the municipality of Ibitirama, ES, necropsied from August to December 2019. A) Pancreas revealing a pale color, with increased volume, containing numerous parasites in the shape of reddish leaves; B) Cross-section of the pancreas revealing dilation and fibrosis of the pancreatic ducts and the presence of parasites in the lumen; C) Cross section of the duodenum revealing the presence of parasites in the lumen.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Photomicrograph of specimens of naturally infected Bradybaena similaris found in the grazing areas of farms with outbreak of bovine eurytrematosis in the municipality of Ibitirama, ES, between August and December 2019. Several sporocysts of Eurytrema can be observed in different stages in the anterior region of the digestive tract: A) Free sporocysts of Eurytrema in the digestive tract of snails of the genus Bradybaena (arrows), 4x objective; B) Detail of the sporocysts inside the digestive tract (arrow), 10x objective. Hematoxylin and eosin staining.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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