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. 2023 Jun 3;9(6):e16984.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16984. eCollection 2023 Jun.

Assessment of fluctuations in wetland ecosystem areas resulting from anthropogenic activities in the Dong Rui commune, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam

Dung Trung Ngo  1 , Hoi Dang Nguyen  1 , Huan Cao Nguyen  2
Affiliations

Assessment of fluctuations in wetland ecosystem areas resulting from anthropogenic activities in the Dong Rui commune, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam

Dung Trung Ngo et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Wetlands are one of the most important ecosystems as habitats for many animal and plant species and are crucial for disaster mitigation, improving environmental quality, storing carbon, and responding to climate change. However, these sensitive ecosystems have been heavily affected by anthropogenic activities, including aquaculture. In this study, we used multitemporal satellite imagery integrated with a verified field survey method to map the coverage of the wetland ecosystem in the Dong Rui commune, Tien Yen district, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam, five times for four periods from 1975 to 2022, with high accuracy (overall accuracy = 92.3%, Kappa = 0.91). The results showed that from 1975 to 2000, the area of mangrove forests declined sharply (by nearly 2,000 ha), mainly due to policies of development and conversion of land use. From 2000 to 2022, the mangrove forest area was gradually restored, while the area under aquaculture shrank. Anthropogenic impacts, especially the effects of local economic development, and conservation and developmental policies, are the main causes of continuous change in each short period. Our study demonstrates satellite imagery as an effective tool for assessing wetland ecosystem area fluctuations and assessing the extent of human impacts on this natural ecosystem. Our findings can serve as a basis for planning, conservation strategies, and sustainable development of wetland ecosystems and for improving the associated livelihoods of the communities.

Keywords: Anthropogenic activity; Mangrove forests; Mapping; Policy; Variability of cover area; Wetland.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Map of the Dong Rui commune wetland area.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Free multitemporal remote sensing photos from 1975 to 2022 in the Dong Rui commune wetland area.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Actual images verifying the photo decoding key template set in Dong Rui. a, b, c, d: Form of locking to interpret mangrove photos; e, f, g: Agricultural land photo decoding key; h, i, k: Sample of the lock to interpret the photograph of aquaculture lagoon; l: Other land image interpretation key; m: Sample of the land photo decoding key in rural land.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Maps of Dong Rui commune wetland ecosystem cover from 1975 to 2022.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Status and fluctuation of the wetland ecosystem cover in the Dong Rui commune from 1975 to 2022.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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