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Review
. 2023 Oct 13;74(19):6023-6039.
doi: 10.1093/jxb/erad291.

Photorespiration: regulation and new insights on the potential role of persulfidation

Angeles Aroca  1   2 , Inmaculada García-Díaz  2 , Margarita García-Calderón  2 , Cecilia Gotor  1 , Antonio J Márquez  2 , Marco Betti  2
Affiliations
Review

Photorespiration: regulation and new insights on the potential role of persulfidation

Angeles Aroca et al. J Exp Bot. .

Abstract

Photorespiration has been considered a 'futile' cycle in C3 plants, necessary to detoxify and recycle the metabolites generated by the oxygenating activity of Rubisco. However, several reports indicate that this metabolic route plays a fundamental role in plant metabolism and constitutes a very interesting research topic. Many open questions still remain with regard to photorespiration. One of these questions is how the photorespiratory process is regulated in plants and what factors contribute to this regulation. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the regulation of the photorespiratory pathway with a special focus on the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of photorespiration and the interconnections of this process with nitrogen and sulfur metabolism. Recent findings on sulfide signaling and protein persulfidation are also described.

Keywords: Nitrogen metabolism; photorespiration; protein persulfidation; proteomics; sulfur metabolism; transcription factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Scheme of the photorespiratory cycle and its connection with sulfur and nitrogen metabolism. (1) Rubisco; (2) PGLP, phosphoglycolate phosphatase; (3) GOX, glycolate oxidase; (4) CAT, catalase; (5) GGAT, glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase; (6) GDC, glycine decarboxylase complex; (7) SHMT, serine hydroxymethyltransferase; (8) SGAT, serine:glyoxylate aminotransferase; (9) HPR, hydroxypyruvate reductase; (10) GLYK, glycerate kinase; (11) NR, nitrate reductase; (12) NiR, nitrite reductase; (13) GS, glutamine synthetase; (14) GOGAT, glutamine:oxoglutarate aminotransferase; (15) ATPS, ATP sulfurylase; (16) APR, APS reductase; (17) SIR, sulfite reductase; (18) OASTL, O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase; (19) SERAT, serine acetyl-transferase. THF is linked to C1 units.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Photorespiratory genes showing transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional regulation. The genes present in the figure are hydroxypyruvate reductase (HPR-A, HPR1, HPR2); catalase (CAT2); glycine decarboxylase (GDC-H, GDC-P1, GDC-T); glycolate oxidase (GOX); serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHM1); glutamate:glyoxylate aminotransferase (GGAT1, GGAT2); serine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (SGAT); glycerate kinase (GLYK); and phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGLP).
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Scheme of hydrogen sulfide regulation under non-photorespiratory conditions induced by a high-CO2 atmosphere. More details are included in the text.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.
Crosstalk between N metabolism and S metabolism, both connected to photorespiration by N or S assimilation and signaling by the PTMs persulfidation and nitrosylation (A). Crosstalk between the persulfidated enzymes involved in NO generation (B) and the nitrosylated enzymes involved in H2S generation (C).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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