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. 2023 Jan-Dec:14:21501319231189060.
doi: 10.1177/21501319231189060.

Development and Validation of the Sinonasal Outcome Test-12

Salma S Al Sharhan  1 , Mohammed H Al Bar  1 , Abdulmalik S Al Saied  1 , Maha I Al Somali  1 , Moataza M Abdel Wahab  2
Affiliations

Development and Validation of the Sinonasal Outcome Test-12

Salma S Al Sharhan et al. J Prim Care Community Health. 2023 Jan-Dec.

Abstract

Objectives: Quality of life (QoL) questionnaires are widely used in clinical interviews to assess the impact of medical interventions or measure the outcomes of healthcare services. The main aim of such questionnaires is the subjective assessment of health status and its impact on QoL. This study aimed to develop an efficient, short sinonasal disease assessment instrument, the sinonasal outcomes test-12 (SNOT-12), and to compare it with the preexisting SNOT-22.

Methods: This was a two-phase cross-sectional study. The study was performed between June 2019 and February 2020 using the electronic files of the ORL department outpatient clinics at King Fahd University Hospital, affiliated with Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University. The study was performed in 2 phases: an item reduction phase, which resulted in an initial SNOT-12 scale, and a validation phase, using a comparative analysis of the initial SNOT-12 and the SNOT-22.

Results: The developed short-form SNOT-12 maintained the 4 latent factors extracted in EFA (nasal, Sleep/extra nasal, psychological, ear/facial). It strongly correlated with SNOT-22 (r = 0.973). It had good construct reliability (0.705-0.901) and validity and a higher discrimination power than the SNOT-22.

Conclusions: The SNOT-12 is a short, valid, and reliable instrument that may prove useful for the initial screening and monitoring of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.

Keywords: allergy; chronic rhinosinusitis; quality of life; rhinitis; rhinology; rhinosinusitis; self-administered questionnaires; sinonasal outcome test; sinusitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Confirmatory factor analysis model for SNOT-12, with standardized estimates.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
ROC curves for SNOT-22 and SNOT-12 as discrimination for chronic rhino sinusitis by mild/moderate/severe (MMS) classification.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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