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. 2023 Jul 7;11(7):592.
doi: 10.3390/toxics11070592.

Multi-Year Monitoring of the Toxicological Risk of Heavy Metals Related to Fish Consumption by the Population of the Kendari Region (Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia)

Mimie Saputri  1   2   3 , Yusnaini Yusnaini  4 , La Sara  4 , Ita Widowati  2 , Thierry Guyot  1 , Denis Fichet  1 , Gilles Radenac  1
Affiliations

Multi-Year Monitoring of the Toxicological Risk of Heavy Metals Related to Fish Consumption by the Population of the Kendari Region (Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia)

Mimie Saputri et al. Toxics. .

Abstract

This study measured the concentrations of Hg, As, Ni, Cd, and Pb in six fish species commonly consumed in Kendari. Samples were bought within local markets from 2012 to 2017 at the end of the dry season. Results showed that mercury concentrations fluctuated between years and within species, except in the Caranx sexfasciatus, which showed no significant differences (Kruskall-Wallis, p-value > 0.05, df = 5) and an average concentration of 0.371 ± 0.162 µg g-1 DW. Arsenic was found in high concentrations across species and years and varied widely in C. sexfasciatus, the lowest value being 0.32 ± 0.01 µg g-1 DW in 2012 and the highest was 5.63 ± 1.89 µg g-1 DW in 2017. The highest nickel concentrations were found in 2016 across four of the six species. The fish samples displayed very low cadmium and lead concentrations throughout the study. In addition, the potential human health risk due to fish consumption was assessed. This showed that mercury is the only one of the five metals present in concentrations high enough to individually pose a potential hazard, the only metal likely to be accumulated beyond a safe concentration in Kendari. Chanos chanos never posed a toxicological risk based on the results of this research.

Keywords: Sulawesi; fish; hazard index; hazard quotient; heavy metals; monitoring.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Location of Kendari city, Province of Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia.
Figure 2
Figure 2
THQ mean value (±SD, n = 3) for years, metals and species.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Part of each metal-specific THQ (in percentage) in the global HI for different species and years. Colors for the various metals are given inside the figure.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Correlation between the trophic level and the HI for each species.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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