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. 2023 Jul 17:14:1107705.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1107705. eCollection 2023.

Application of potassium nitrate and salicylic acid improves grain yield and related traits by delaying leaf senescence in Gpc-B1 carrying advanced wheat genotypes

Mohammad Jafar Tanin  1 , Achla Sharma  1 , Hari Ram  1 , Satinder Singh  1 , Puja Srivastava  1 , G S Mavi  1 , Dinesh Kumar Saini  1 , Santosh Gudi  1 , Pradeep Kumar  1 , Prinka Goyal  1 , V S Sohu  1
Affiliations

Application of potassium nitrate and salicylic acid improves grain yield and related traits by delaying leaf senescence in Gpc-B1 carrying advanced wheat genotypes

Mohammad Jafar Tanin et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Abstract

Grain protein content (GPC) is an important quality trait that effectively modulates end-use quality and nutritional characteristics of wheat flour-based food products. The Gpc-B1 gene is responsible for the higher protein content in wheat grain. In addition to higher GPC, the Gpc-B1 is also generally associated with reduced grain filling period which eventually causes the yield penalty in wheat. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of potassium nitrate (PN) and salicylic acid (SA) on the physiological characteristics of a set of twelve genotypes, including nine isogenic wheat lines carrying the Gpc-B1 gene and three elite wheat varieties with no Gpc-B1 gene, grown at wheat experimental area of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PAU, Punjab, India. The PN application significantly increased the number of grains per spike (GPS) by 6.42 grains, number of days to maturity (DTM) by 1.03 days, 1000-grain weight (TGW) by 1.97 g and yield per plot (YPP) by 0.2 kg/plot. As a result of PN spray, the flag leaf chlorophyll content was significantly enhanced by 2.35 CCI at anthesis stage and by 1.96 CCI at 10 days after anthesis in all the tested genotypes. Furthermore, the PN application also significantly increased the flag leaf nitrogen content by an average of 0.52% at booting stage and by 0.35% at both anthesis and 10 days after anthesis in all the evaluated genotypes. In addition, the yellow peduncle colour at 30 days after anthesis was also increased by 19.08% while the straw nitrogen content was improved by 0.17% in all the genotypes. The preliminary experiment conducted using SA demonstrated a significant increase in DTM and other yield component traits. The DTM increased by an average of 2.31 days, GPS enhanced by approximately 3.17 grains, TGW improved by 1.13g, and YPP increased by 0.21 kg/plot. The foliar application of PN and SA had no significant effect on GPC itself. The findings of the present study suggests that applications of PN and SA can effectively mitigate the yield penalty associated with Gpc-B1 gene by extending grain filling period in the wheat.

Keywords: Gpc-B1 gene; isogenic lines; potassium nitrate; salicylic acid; wheat.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The effects of SA treatment on key agronomic traits such as (A) number of days to maturity, (B) number of grain per spike, (C) thousand grain weight, and (D) yield per plot of wheat genotypes with and without the Gpc-B1 gene.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The effects of PN treatment on key agronomic traits such as (A) number of days to maturity, (B) number of grain per spike, (C) thousand grain weight, and (D) yield per plot of wheat genotypes with and without the Gpc-B1 gene.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The effects of PN treatment on traits such as (A) chlorophyll content at anthesis, (B) chlorophyll content at 10DAA, (C) flag leaf N content at booting stage, (D) flag leaf N content at anthesis stage, and (E) yellow peduncle at 30DAA of wheat genotypes with and without the Gpc-B1 gene.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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