Polyacetylenes with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity from the medicinal and edible fruits of Cyclocodon lancifolius (Roxburgh) Kurz

Abstract

Five new polyacetylene derivatives (1-5), cyclocodonlandiynosides A-E, and eight known analogues (6-13) were isolated and identified from the fruits of Cyclocodon lancifolius. Their structures were established via spectroscopic and chemical methods, including NMR, HRESIMS, enzymatic hydrolysis, Mo₂(OAc)₄-induced circular dichroism and sugar derivatization. Compound 1 contains a nitrogenous fragment, which was rarely found in C14 polyacetylenes. Compounds 3 and 4 are polyacetylene glucosides possessing novel aglycones. All the isolated polyacetylenes (except 12) were screened for their xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. All the tested compounds, at the concentration of 62.5 μg/mL, showed XO inhibiting effects. Among them, 13 and 3 showed the most potent XO inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 87.65 and 96.32 μM, compared to the positive control allopurinol with an IC₅₀ value of 19.25 μM.

Keywords: Cyclocodon lancifolius (Roxburgh) Kurz; Fruits; Polyacetylenes; XO inhibitory effect.