Mesenchymal Neoplasms of the Liver

Abstract

Mesenchymal neoplasms of the liver can be diagnostically challenging, particularly on core needle biopsies. Here, I discuss recent updates in neoplasms that are specific to the liver (mesenchymal hamartoma, undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma, calcifying nested stromal-epithelial tumor), vascular tumors of the liver (anastomosing hemangioma, hepatic small vessel neoplasm, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, angiosarcoma), and other tumor types that can occur primarily in the liver (PEComa/angiomyolipoma, inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, EBV-associated smooth muscle tumor, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, malignant rhabdoid tumor). Lastly, I discuss metastatic sarcomas to the liver, as well as pitfalls presented by metastatic melanoma and sarcomatoid carcinoma.

Keywords: Anastomosing hemangioma; Calcifying nested stromal-epithelial tumor; Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma; Hepatic angiosarcoma; Hepatic small vessel neoplasm; Inflammatory pseudotumor-like follicular dendritic cell sarcoma; Mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver; Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver.