Uncommon short- and long-term cardiological side effects of thoracic radiation: a report of two cases

Abstract

Radiotherapy is an essential treatment of more than 50% of oncohematological patients. Pericardial disorders and valvular heart disease are two common radiotherapy complications. Acute pericarditis is infrequent and usually underdiagnosed. Therefore, diagnostic suspicion and early treatment are mandatory to avoid the evolution to constrictive pericarditis. The prevalence of radiation-induced valvular heart disease is common in patients with a history of Hodgkin's lymphoma and breast cancer. It has distinctive characteristics from other etiologies and, thus, different therapeutic approaches. We present two cases of unusual complications of radiotherapy; the first one in the acute setting and the second one during the follow-up in the chronic phase. A multidisciplinary and individualized approach with specific considerations is decisive in the management of these patients.

Keywords: Hodgkin disease; breast disease; dosage; pericardial disease; radiotherapy; side effects; valvular disease.