Monitoring risk and preventing ischemic stroke in the very old

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is a significant cause of death, and the leading cause of severe long-term disability for individuals over 80 (the very old), yet few studies of such risk factors for ischemic stroke, or the known mitigation techniques, in this population, and the evidence base regarding risk modification strategies in this susceptible population can be inconsistent and incomplete. This article examines current guidelines and evidence regarding medical management, lifestyle changes, and psychosocial interactions that can contribute to the primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in the very old.

Areas covered: The authors conducted a literature search for ischemic stroke prevention and risk assessment in the elderly via PubMed. Furthermore, they describe current strategies for monitoring risk and preventing ischemic stroke in the elderly population.

Expert opinion: Ischemic stroke poses a significant health risk to the elderly, with prevention relying on managing modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and high cholesterol, as well as promoting healthy lifestyle choices like quitting smoking, regular physical activity and a heart-healthy diet. Healthcare providers must adopt a multifaceted approach, addressing individual and population-level factors while remaining vigilant in monitoring and managing risk factors to reduce the incidence and impact of stroke in older adults.

Keywords: cerebral ischemia; cerebrovascular disease; geriatrics; ischemic stroke; mental health; prevention; risk factors; the very old.