Implications of Ozempic and Other Semaglutide Medications for Facial Plastic Surgeons

Abstract

Obesity is a growing global health concern, leading to various health issues, including diabetes. Semaglutide-based medications, such as Ozempic, Wegovy, and Rybelsus, have emerged as potential treatments. These medications, belonging to the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist class, mimic the action of GLP-1, regulating appetite and promoting weight loss. Clinical trials have shown their effectiveness in reducing body weight and improving metabolic parameters. Ozempic, though Food and Drug Administration-approved for diabetes, is also used off-label for weight loss alone. Rapid weight and fat loss with Ozempic can lead to the characteristic "Ozempic face," where facial volume and fat are depleted, resulting in wrinkles and sagging skin. Providers prescribing Ozempic seldom counsel patients about the potential impact on the face. As a result, the plastic surgery community faces a challenge in managing facial changes associated with rapid weight loss. Dermal fillers, skin tightening techniques, and surgical interventions are useful for both restoration of facial volume and to manage excess skin. Discontinuation of Ozempic should be considered prior to general anesthesia due to gastrointestinal side effects including delayed gastric emptying. As the popularity of Ozempic grows, facial plastic surgeons must be aware of both the impact on facial appearance and perioperative considerations.