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Review
. 2023 Oct;21(5):540-551.
doi: 10.1007/s11914-023-00816-4. Epub 2023 Aug 5.

Mitochondrial Genetics and Function as Determinants of Bone Phenotype and Aging

Sarah E Catheline  1 , Ethan Kaiser  2 , Roman A Eliseev  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Mitochondrial Genetics and Function as Determinants of Bone Phenotype and Aging

Sarah E Catheline et al. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to summarize the recently published scientific literature regarding the effects of mitochondrial function and mitochondrial genome mutations on bone phenotype and aging.

Recent findings: While aging and sex steroid levels have traditionally been considered the most important risk factors for development of osteoporosis, mitochondrial function and genetics are being increasingly recognized as important determinants of bone health. Recent studies indicate that mitochondrial genome variants found in different human populations determine the risk of complex degenerative diseases. We propose that osteoporosis should be among such diseases. Studies have shown the deleterious effects of mitochondrial DNA mutations and mitochondrial dysfunction on bone homeostasis. Mediators of such effects include oxidative stress, mitochondrial permeability transition, and dysregulation of autophagy. Mitochondrial health plays an important role in bone homeostasis and aging, and understanding underlying mechanisms is critical in leveraging this relationship clinically for therapeutic benefit.

Keywords: Bone; Mitochondria; Osteoporosis; Oxidative phosphorylation; mtDNA.

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References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
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