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Case Reports
. 2023 Aug 4;2023(8):rjad439.
doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjad439. eCollection 2023 Aug.

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix: an unusual case and critical appraisal

Ines Lebbe  1 , Eveline De Cuypere  2 , Nele Claes  2 , Anne Loccufier  1 , Christophe Ghysel  3 , Philippe Van Trappen  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix: an unusual case and critical appraisal

Ines Lebbe et al. J Surg Case Rep. .

Abstract

Leiomyosarcomas of the uterine cervix are rare, mostly occurring in perimenopausal women. Diagnosis is based on pathology and immunohistochemistry. Surgery with a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy remains the standard. A female patient in her 60s presented with heavy postmenopausal bleeding. Vaginal ultrasound scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed a large strongly vascularized cervical mass with features suspicious of sarcomatous degeneration. Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) did not reveal any evidence of metastases nor lymphadenopathy, but presence of right hydronephrosis. An abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and end-to-end anastomosis of the right ureter, was performed. Pathology showed an International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO)-stage 1B leiomyosarcoma of the uterine cervix. No adjuvant treatment was given. Adjuvant radiotherapy reduces the risk of recurrence but no survival impact. The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy is questionable given the lack of randomized trials. Multidisciplinary research concerning molecular alterations of the disease is required to determine optimal management strategies with potential novel molecular therapies.

Keywords: Cervix; cervical cancer; cervical sarcoma; leiomyosarcoma; sarcoma; uterine sarcoma; uterus.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
MRI scan, T2-weighted sagittal image of the large vascularized cervical mass in the pelvis with heterogenous and degenerative changes, and corpus uteri on top.
Figure 2
Figure 2
PET-CT, coronal image of a dilated right ureter with stenosis at the pelvic mass.
Figure 3
Figure 3
PET-CT, coronal image of the right hydronephrosis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
PET-CT, axial image of the right hydronephrosis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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