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Review
. 2023 Aug 7;109(3):571-574.
doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0102. Print 2023 Sep 6.

Retrospective Review of Blood Culture-Confirmed Cases of Enteric Fever in Navi Mumbai, India: 2014-2018

Niniya Jayaprasad  1 , Priyanka Borhade  1 , Christopher LeBoa  2 , Kashmira Date  3 , Shrikrishna Joshi  4 , Rahul Shimpi  1 , Jason R Andrews  2 , Stephen P Luby  2 , Seth A Hoffman  2
Affiliations
Review

Retrospective Review of Blood Culture-Confirmed Cases of Enteric Fever in Navi Mumbai, India: 2014-2018

Niniya Jayaprasad et al. Am J Trop Med Hyg. .

Abstract

India has one of the highest estimated burdens of enteric fever globally. Prior to the implementation of Typbar-TCV typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) in a public sector pediatric immunization campaign in Navi Mumbai, India, we conducted a retrospective review of blood culture-confirmed cases of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers to estimate the local burden of disease. This review included all blood cultures processed at a central microbiology laboratory, serving multiple hospitals, in Navi Mumbai (January 2014-May 2018) that tested positive for either Salmonella Typhi or Salmonella Paratyphi A. Of 40,670 blood cultures analyzed, 1,309 (3.2%) were positive for S. Typhi (1,201 [92%]) or S. Paratyphi A (108 [8%]). Culture positivity was highest in the last months of the dry season (April-June). Our findings indicate a substantial burden of enteric fever in Navi Mumbai and support the importance of TCV immunization campaigns and improved water, sanitation, and hygiene.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Breakdown of positive blood cultures by age and gender. Dark gray indicates female; light gray indicates male.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Top: Percent positive blood cultures and rainfall (mm) over time: 2014–2018. Blood culture positivity is shown in light gray; rainfall is shown in dark gray. Bottom: Case counts by month: 2014–2018. Smoothed conditional means are shown by the gray line.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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