Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Uric Acid Electrochemical Biosensors: A Review

Abstract

In recent years, the development of electrochemical biosensors for uric acid has made great achievements. Firstly, uric acid electrochemical biosensors were classified according to their reaction mechanism. Then, the reaction mechanism of the uric acid sensor and the application of nano-modified materials were deeply analyzed from the perspective of non-enzyme and enzymes. In this paper, the catalytic oxidation capacity, enzyme adsorption effect, conductivity, robustness, detection range, and detection limit of uric acid sensors were discussed and compared. Finally, the advantages of acid-sensitive electrochemical biosensors were summarized, and the constructive recommendations were proposed for improving the deficiencies of acid biosensors. The potential for further development in this area was also discussed.

Keywords: biosensors; electrochemical; nanomaterials; uric acid; uricase.