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. 2024 May;34(3):505-511.
doi: 10.1038/s41370-023-00589-z. Epub 2023 Aug 8.

Cardiovascular health and proximity to urban oil drilling in Los Angeles, California

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Cardiovascular health and proximity to urban oil drilling in Los Angeles, California

Jill E Johnston et al. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2024 May.

Abstract

Background: Although ~18 million people live within a mile from active oil and gas development (OGD) sites in the United States, epidemiological research on how OGD affects the health of nearby urban residents is sparse. Thousands of OGD sites are spread across Los Angeles (LA) County, California, home to the largest urban oil production in the country. Air pollution and noise from OGD may contribute to cardiovascular morbidity.

Objective: We examined the association between proximity to OGD and blood pressure in a diverse cohort of residents in LA.

Methods: We recruited residents in South LA who lived <1 km from an OGD site. We collected three blood pressure measurements for each participant and used the second and third measurements to calculate averages for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) separately. We conducted multivariable linear regression to examine the relationship between distance to OGD sites and continuous SBP and DBP, adjusting for BMI, smoking status, distance to freeway, sex, age, and use of antihypertension medications, with a random effect for household. We examined effect measure modification by BMI category and smoking category.

Results: Among the 623 adult participants, we found that for every 100 meter increase in distance from the OGD site, DBP was reduced by an average of 0.73 mmHg (95% CI: -1.26, -0.21) in this population. We observed stronger effects of proximity to OGD site on DBP among never smokers and among participants with a healthy BMI. The associations observed between proximity to OGD site and SBP were weaker but followed the same patterns as those for DBP.

Impact: Our study suggests that living near urban oil drilling sites is significantly associated with greater diastolic blood pressure in urban Los Angeles communities. This research improves understanding of impacts from living nearby drilling operations on the health and welfare of this community, which is critical to inform public health relevant strategies.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Cardiovascular; Environmental justice; Oil and gas.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Proximity to oil and gas development (OGD) site and blood pressure by subgroup.
Association between systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) and distance from the OGD site (per 100 m) among all adult participants (adjusted for BMI, smoking status, distance from freeway, sex, age and use of anti-hypertensive medication, with a household random effect) and stratified by smoking status and BMI category.

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