Clinical and Autonomic Profile, and Modified Calgary Score for Children and Adolescents with Presumed Vasovagal Syncope Submitted to the Tilt Test
- PMID: 37556654
- PMCID: PMC10382152
- DOI: 10.36660/abc.20220543
Clinical and Autonomic Profile, and Modified Calgary Score for Children and Adolescents with Presumed Vasovagal Syncope Submitted to the Tilt Test
Abstract
Background: In the pediatric population, syncope is mainly from vasovagal (VVS) origin. Its evaluation must be done by clinical methods, and the tilt test (TT) can contribute to the diagnosis.
Objectives: To analyze the clinical profile, Calgary and modified Calgary scores, response to TT and heart rate variability (HRV) of patients aged ≤ 18 years with presumed VVS. To compare the variables between patients with positive and negative responses to TT.
Method: Observational and prospective study, with 73 patients aged between 6 and 18 years, submitted to clinical evaluation and calculation of scores without previous knowledge of the TT. It was done at 70º under monitoring for HRV analysis. P-value < 0.05 was the statistical significance criterion.
Results: Median age was 14.0 years; 52% of participants were female, 72 had Calgary ≥ -2 (mean 1.80), and 69 had modified Calgary ≥ -3 (mean 1.38). Prodromes were observed in 59 patients, recurrence in 50 and trauma in 19. The response to TT was positive in 54 participants (49 vasovagal, with 39 vasodepressor responses), with an increase in the low frequency (LF) component and a decrease in the high frequency (HF) component (p < 0,0001). In the supine position, LF was 33.6 in females and 47.4 in normalized units for males (p = 0.02). When applying the operating characteristic curve for positive TT, there was no statistical significance for HRV and scores.
Conclusion: Most children and adolescents with a presumed diagnosis of VVS presented a typical clinical scenario, with a Calgary score ≥ -2, and a predominant vasodepressor response to TT. Greater sympathetic activation was observed in the supine position in males. Calgary scores and sympathetic activation did not predict the response to TT.
Fundamento: A síncope, na população pediátrica, tem como sua principal causa, a vasovagal (SVV). Sua avaliação deve ser feita por métodos clínicos e o teste de inclinação (TI) pode contribuir para seu diagnóstico.
Objetivos: Analisar o perfil clínico, os escores de Calgary e de Calgary modificado, a resposta ao TI e a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) de pacientes ≤ 18 anos de idade, com presumida SVV. Comparar as variáveis entre pacientes com resposta positiva e negativa ao TI.
Método: Estudo observacional e prospectivo, com 73 pacientes com idades entre 6 e 18 anos, submetidos à avaliação clínica e ao cálculo dos escores, sem o conhecimento do TI. Este foi feito a 70º sob monitoramento para análise da VFC. Valor-p < 0,05 foi considerado como o critério de significância estatística.
Resultados: A mediana de idade foi de 14,0 anos, sendo que 52% eram no sexo feminino, 72 apresentaram Calgary ≥ -2 (média 1,80) e 69 com Calgary modificado ≥ -3 (média 1,38). Ocorreram pródromos em 59 pacientes, recorrência em 50 e trauma em 19. A resposta ao TI foi positiva em 54 (49 vasovagal, com 39 vasodepressora), com aumento do componente de baixa frequência (BF) e diminuição da alta frequência (AF) (p < 0,0001). Na posição supina, o BF foi de 33,6 no sexo feminino e 47,4 em unidades normalizadas no sexo masculino (p = 0,02). Aplicando-se a curva de operação característica para TI positivo, não houve significância estatística para VFC e os escores.
Conclusões: A maioria das crianças e adolescentes com diagnóstico presumido de SVV apresentaram um cenário clínico típico, com escore de Calgary ≥ -2, e resposta vasodepressora predominante ao TI. Verificou-se uma maior ativação simpática na posição supina no sexo masculino. Os escores de Calgary e a ativação simpática não permitiram predizer a resposta ao TI.
Conflict of interest statement
Potencial conflito de interesse
Não há conflito com o presente artigo
Figures












Similar articles
-
Analysis of Heart Rate Variability Before and During Tilt Test in Patients with Cardioinhibitory Vasovagal Syncope.Arq Bras Cardiol. 2016 Dec;107(6):568-575. doi: 10.5935/abc.20160177. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2016. PMID: 28558089 Free PMC article.
-
[A modified Calgary syncope syndrome score in the differential diagnosis between cardiac syncope and vasovagal syncope].Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Feb;50(2):117-20. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2012. PMID: 22455635 Chinese.
-
Heart rate variability and autonomic nervous system changes in children with vasovagal syncope.Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2002 Sep;25(9):1331-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.01331.x. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2002. PMID: 12380769
-
The Value of Tilt Testing and Autonomic Nervous System Assessment.Cardiol Clin. 2015 Aug;33(3):357-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2015.04.003. Cardiol Clin. 2015. PMID: 26115821 Review.
-
Research progress on the predictive value of electrocardiographic indicators in the diagnosis and prognosis of children with vasovagal syncope.Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Jul 22;9:916770. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.916770. eCollection 2022. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022. PMID: 35935631 Free PMC article. Review.
Cited by
-
What Pieces are Missing in the Puzzle of Cardiovascular Adaptation to Orthostatism?Arq Bras Cardiol. 2023 Aug 7;120(7):e20230417. doi: 10.36660/abc.20230417. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2023. PMID: 37556661 Free PMC article. English, Portuguese. No abstract available.
-
Advances in diagnosis, management, and long-term outcomes of pediatric vasovagal syncope: a comprehensive review.Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025 Apr 25;12:1481749. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1481749. eCollection 2025. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025. PMID: 40351605 Free PMC article. Review.
References
-
- Shen WK, Sheldon RS, Benditt DG, Cohen MI, Forman DE, Goldberger ZD, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Patients with Syncope: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2017;136(5):e60–e122. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000499. - DOI - PubMed
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Research Materials
Miscellaneous