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Review
. 2023 Aug 21;6(8):3052-3065.
doi: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00391. Epub 2023 Aug 10.

Constructing Physiological Defense Systems against Infectious Disease with Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Review

Nikita O Mishra  1 , Alisa S Quon  1 , Anna Nguyen  1 , Edgar K Papazyan  1 , Yajiao Hao  1 , Yangyang Liu  1
Affiliations
Review

Constructing Physiological Defense Systems against Infectious Disease with Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Review

Nikita O Mishra et al. ACS Appl Bio Mater. .

Abstract

The swift and deadly spread of infectious diseases, alongside the rapid advancement of scientific technology in the past several centuries, has led to the invention of various methods for protecting people from infection. In recent years, a class of crystalline porous materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), has shown great potential in constructing defense systems against infectious diseases. This review addresses current approaches to combating infectious diseases through the utilization of MOFs in vaccine development, antiviral and antibacterial treatment, and personal protective equipment (PPE). Along with an updated account of MOFs used for designing defense systems against infectious diseases, directions are also suggested for expanding avenues of current MOF research to develop more effective approaches and tools to prevent the widespread nature of infectious diseases.

Keywords: antibacterial; antiviral; drug delivery; infectious disease; macromolecule protection; metal−organic frameworks; personal protective equipment; vaccines.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
An overview of MOF applications discussed in this paper.
Figure 2
Figure 2
A single-stranded biomolecule, such as mRNA, can be incorporated into MOF pores for protection against degradation from ribozymes and other enzymes with cleaving activity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mechanisms of antiviral activity using MOFs. MOFs can act as antiviral agents on their own (for example, through metal ion release or binding viral proteins), or they can be loaded with antiviral agents and functionalized to target viral cells.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Common mechanisms and causes of antibacterial activity using MOFs (ROS: reactive oxygen species).
Figure 5
Figure 5
A proposed sample multilayer biocidal facemask with outer and inner layers made of nonwoven fabrics (similar to other masks), a biocidal and photocatalytic MOF layer, and an antioxidant film (shown in light blue) that could effectively manage any escaped reactive oxygen species.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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