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. 2023 Jul 25;16(15):5226.
doi: 10.3390/ma16155226.

Enhanced Tunability Achieving at Low Permittivity and Electric Field in (Ba0.91Ca0.09)(SnxZr0.2-xTi0.8)O3-2 mol% CuO-1 mol% Li2CO3 Ceramics

Bo Wang  1 , Le Zhao  2 , Xiuhuai Jia  2 , Pan Yang  1 , Shihui Yu  1
Affiliations

Enhanced Tunability Achieving at Low Permittivity and Electric Field in (Ba0.91Ca0.09)(SnxZr0.2-xTi0.8)O3-2 mol% CuO-1 mol% Li2CO3 Ceramics

Bo Wang et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

Ferroelectric varactors should have high tunability at low permittivity and a working electric field to obtain better impedance matching and stable tunability. In this work, (Ba0.91Ca0.09)(SnxZr0.2-xTi0.8)O3-2 mol% CuO-1 mol% Li2CO3 (abbreviated as BCSZT100x, x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20, respectively) are prepared to achieve high tunability at low permittivity and a working electric field. The tunable mechanisms are investigated based on crystal structure, micro-morphology and the permittivity-temperature spectrum. The results show that the shrink of oxygen octahedron and weaker interaction force between Sn4+ and O2- make BCSZT5 ceramic have a higher tunability value of 26.55% at low permittivity (1913) and a working electric field (7.3 kV/cm). The tunability value of BCSZT5 ceramic increases by 58%, while its permittivity decreases by 25%, compared with x = 0. Those advantages make BCSZT5 ceramic have substantial application prospects in varactors.

Keywords: ferroelectric varactors; impedance matching; oxygen octahedron; permittivity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Powder XRD pattern of BCSZT100x ceramics at (a) 20~80°, (b) 25~30° and (c) 44~46°. The dark yellow lines shown in (b) are the diffraction peaks of CaZrTi2O7 (PDF#81-1500) and green lines shown in (c) is the moving direction of diffraction peaks.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The grain size distribution of BCSZT100x ceramics: (a) BCSZT5, (b) BCSZT10, (c) BCSZT15 and (d) BCSZT20.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The temperature-dependent permittivity of BCSZT100x ceramics.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a–d) The fitting results using Equation (1) and (e) the normalized of permittivity near Cuire temperature.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The tunability and dielectric loss of BCSZT100x ceramics.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The relationship between FOM and electric field strength in BCSZT100x ceramics.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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