Physical, Metabolic, and Microbial Rumen Development in Goat Kids: A Review on the Challenges and Strategies of Early Weaning
- PMID: 37570229
- PMCID: PMC10417166
- DOI: 10.3390/ani13152420
Physical, Metabolic, and Microbial Rumen Development in Goat Kids: A Review on the Challenges and Strategies of Early Weaning
Abstract
The digestive system of newborn ruminant functions is similar to monogastric animals, and therefore milk flows into the abomasum instead of rumen for digestion. The rumen undergoes tremendous changes over time in terms of structure, function, and microbiome. These changes contribute to the smooth transition from the dependence on liquid diets to solid diets. Goat kids are usually separated at early ages from their dams in commercial intensive systems. The separation from dams minimizes the transfer of microbiota from dams to newborns. In this review, understanding how weaning times and methodologies could affect the normal development and growth of newborn goats may facilitate the development of new feeding strategies to control stress in further studies.
Keywords: early weaning; goat kids; rumen development; weaning stress.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Similar articles
-
Inoculation with rumen fluid in early life as a strategy to optimize the weaning process in intensive dairy goat systems.J Dairy Sci. 2020 Jun;103(6):5047-5060. doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-18002. Epub 2020 Apr 8. J Dairy Sci. 2020. PMID: 32278566
-
Inoculation with rumen fluid in early life accelerates the rumen microbial development and favours the weaning process in goats.Anim Microbiome. 2021 Jan 19;3(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s42523-021-00073-9. Anim Microbiome. 2021. PMID: 33499992 Free PMC article.
-
Presence of Adult Companion Goats Favors the Rumen Microbial and Functional Development in Artificially Reared Kids.Front Vet Sci. 2021 Sep 7;8:706592. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.706592. eCollection 2021. Front Vet Sci. 2021. PMID: 34557542 Free PMC article.
-
Comparative aspects of plant tannins on digestive physiology, nutrition and microbial community changes in sheep and goats: A review.J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2018 Oct;102(5):1181-1193. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12938. Epub 2018 Jul 24. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2018. PMID: 30039875 Review.
-
Invited review: Transitioning from milk to solid feed in dairy heifers.J Dairy Sci. 2016 Feb;99(2):885-902. doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-9975. Epub 2015 Dec 17. J Dairy Sci. 2016. PMID: 26709160 Review.
Cited by
-
Dried Blood-Rumen Content Mixtures as Sustainable Poultry Feed: A Review on Nutritional, Economic, and Environmental Potential.Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Aug 27;13(9):e70796. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70796. eCollection 2025 Sep. Food Sci Nutr. 2025. PMID: 40895142 Free PMC article. Review.
-
Effects of grape seed extract supplementation on the growth performance, nutrients digestion and immunity of weaned lambs.Front Vet Sci. 2024 Sep 13;11:1402637. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1402637. eCollection 2024. Front Vet Sci. 2024. PMID: 39346956 Free PMC article.
-
Early Weaning Impairs the Growth Performance of Hu Lambs Through Damaging Intestinal Morphology and Disrupting Serum Metabolite Homeostasis.Animals (Basel). 2025 Jan 6;15(1):113. doi: 10.3390/ani15010113. Animals (Basel). 2025. PMID: 39795056 Free PMC article.
References
-
- FAO . World Food and Agriculture—Statistical Yearbook 2021. FAO; Rome, Italy: 2021.
-
- Tian C.X., Wu J., Jiao J.Z., Zhou C.S., Tan Z.L. Short communication: A high-grain diet entails alteration in nutrient chemosensing of the rumen epithelium in goats. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 2020;262:114410. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114410. - DOI
-
- Visser C. A review on goats in southern Africa: An untapped genetic resource. Small Rumin. Res. 2019;176:11–16. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.05.009. - DOI
Publication types
Grants and funding
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources