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Review
. 2023 Aug 3;28(15):5855.
doi: 10.3390/molecules28155855.

Research Progress on Structural Modification of Effective Antitumor Active Ingredients in Licorice

Chi Liu  1 , Qing Ma  1 , Guangfei Gong  1 , Fengyan Su  1
Affiliations
Review

Research Progress on Structural Modification of Effective Antitumor Active Ingredients in Licorice

Chi Liu et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Licorice, a widely used traditional Chinese medicine, contains more than 300 flavonoids and more than 20 triterpenoids, which have potential medicinal value and can prevent the growth of tumor cells by blocking the cell cycle, affecting the regulation of the apoptosis gene of tumor cells, and inhibiting tumor cell angiogenesis. However, many of the compounds in licorice still have the drawbacks of poor solubility, significant toxic side effects, and low antitumor activity. This article reviews the structural modification of effective antitumor active ingredients in licorice, thus providing a theoretical basis for further investigation of licorice and the development of new antitumor drugs.

Keywords: antitumor; chemical composition; chemical modifications; licorice.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
2-Phenylchromone structure and C6-C3-C6 basic skeleton.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The structure of apigenin.
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Synthetic route of apigenin etherified derivatives.
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
Synthetic route of 8-isoprenylapigenin.
Scheme 3
Scheme 3
Route of synthesis of apigenin esterified derivatives.
Scheme 4
Scheme 4
Apigenin complex synthesis route.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The structure of galangin.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The structure of quercetin.
Scheme 5
Scheme 5
Synthetic route of galangin nitrogenous derivatives.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Galangin 3, 5, and 7 substituent derivatives.
Scheme 6
Scheme 6
QC12 synthesis path.
Scheme 7
Scheme 7
Route of synthesis of quercetinamide derivatives.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The structure of formononetin.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The structure of genistein.
Scheme 8
Scheme 8
Synthetic route of nitrogen mustard derivatives.
Scheme 9
Scheme 9
Synthetic route of NO donor derivatives of formononetin.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Genistein glycoside derivative structure.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Structural formula of genistein nitro derivative.
Figure 10
Figure 10
The structure of isoliquiritigenin.
Scheme 10
Scheme 10
Route of synthesis of isoliquiritigenin Mannich base derivative.
Scheme 11
Scheme 11
Isoliquiritigenin analogue synthesis route.
Scheme 12
Scheme 12
Synthetic route of glycyrrhizin thiourea derivatives.
Figure 11
Figure 11
The structure of glycyrrhetinic acid.
Scheme 13
Scheme 13
Synthetic route of acetylated derivatives of glycyrrhetinic acid.
Scheme 14
Scheme 14
Route of synthesis of aminoalkyl derivatives of glycyrrhetinic acid.
Figure 12
Figure 12
The structure of compound 6j.
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References

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