Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Jul 31;15(15):3396.
doi: 10.3390/nu15153396.

Dietary Patterns and Circadian Syndrome among Adults Attending NHANES 2005-2016

Zoha Akbar  1 , Zumin Shi  1
Affiliations

Dietary Patterns and Circadian Syndrome among Adults Attending NHANES 2005-2016

Zoha Akbar et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

The study aimed to assess the associations of dietary patterns and circadian syndrome (CircS). Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016 were analyzed (n = 10,486). Factor analysis was used to construct dietary patterns based on two 24 h food recalls. CircS was defined based on components of the metabolic syndrome, with the addition of short sleep and depression symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the associations. Two major dietary patterns were identified. The Western dietary pattern had high loadings of refined grains, solid fats, added sugars, and red and cured meats, while the prudent pattern was characterized by a high intake of vegetables, whole grains, oils, nuts, and seeds. The prevalence of CircS was 41.3%. Comparing extreme quartiles of intake, the odds ratios (OR) for having CircS were 1.96 (95%CI 1.53-2.53) and 0.71 (95%CI 0.58-0.86) for the Western pattern and prudent pattern, respectively. The association between the Western dietary pattern and CircS was stronger among men (OR = 2.05; 95%CI 1.48-2.85) and those with low income (OR = 1.94; 95%CI 1.27-2.96) and high education (OR = 3.38; 95%CI 1.90-6.04). The Western dietary pattern was associated with a higher likelihood of having CircS, while the prudent pattern was inversely associated with CircS.

Keywords: NHANES; circadian rhythms; circadian syndrome; diet; dietary patterns.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Sample flowchart. Abbreviations: NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Factor loadings of the Western and prudent dietary patterns. Values are based on varimax rotation. Soy milk includes calcium–fortified soy milk.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Saklayen M.G. The Global Epidemic of the Metabolic Syndrome. Curr. Hypertens. Rep. 2018;20:1–8. doi: 10.1007/s11906-018-0812-z. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Reaven G.M. Banting. Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease. Diabetes. 1988;37:1595. doi: 10.2337/diab.37.12.1595. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Groop L. Genetics of the metabolic syndrome. Br. J. Nutr. 2000;83((Suppl. 1)):S39–S48. doi: 10.1017/S0007114500000945. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Alberti K.G.M.M., Zimmet P., Shaw J., IDF Epidemiology Task Force Consensus Group The metabolic syndrome—A new worldwide definition. Lancet. 2005;366:1059–1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67402-8. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Ferraz-Bannitz R., Beraldo R.A., Coelho P.O., Moreira A.C., Castro M., Foss-Freitas M.C. Circadian Misalignment Induced by Chronic Night Shift Work Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Activation Impacting Directly on Human Metabolism. Biology. 2021;10:197. doi: 10.3390/biology10030197. - DOI - PMC - PubMed