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Review
. 2023 Oct;32(5):351-381.
doi: 10.1007/s11248-023-00362-w. Epub 2023 Aug 12.

Diversity of transgenes in sustainable management of insect pests

V Rakesh  1   2 , Vinay K Kalia  1 , Amalendu Ghosh  3
Affiliations
Review

Diversity of transgenes in sustainable management of insect pests

V Rakesh et al. Transgenic Res. 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Insecticidal transgenes, when incorporated and expressed in plants, confer resistance against insects by producing several products having insecticidal properties. Protease inhibitors, lectins, amylase inhibitors, and chitinase genes are associated with the natural defenses developed by plants to counter insect attacks. Several toxin genes are also derived from spiders and scorpions for protection against insects. Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner is a microbial source of insecticidal toxins. Several methods have facilitated the large-scale production of transgenic plants. Bt-derived cry, cyt, vip, and sip genes, plant-derived genes such as lectins, protease inhibitors, and alpha-amylase inhibitors, insect cell wall-degrading enzymes like chitinase and some proteins like arcelins, plant defensins, and ribosome-inactivating proteins have been successfully utilized to impart resistance to insects. Besides, transgenic plants expressing double-stranded RNA have been developed with enhanced resistance. However, the long-term effects of transgenes on insect resistance, the environment, and human health must be thoroughly investigated before they are made available for commercial planting. In this chapter, the present status, prospects, and future scope of transgenes for insect pest management have been summarized and discussed.

Keywords: Animal toxin; Insecticidal toxin; Microbial toxin; Pest management; Plant-based toxin; Transgenic.

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