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Review
. 2023 Aug 15;14(1):118.
doi: 10.1186/s40104-023-00905-5.

Paneth cells in farm animals: current status and future direction

Chenbin Cui  1 , Lindeng Li  1 , Lin Wu  1 , Xinru Wang  1 , Yao Zheng  1 , Fangke Wang  1 , Hongkui Wei  1 , Jian Peng  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Paneth cells in farm animals: current status and future direction

Chenbin Cui et al. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. .

Abstract

A healthy intestine plays an important role in the growth and development of farm animals. In small intestine, Paneth cells are well known for their regulation of intestinal microbiota and intestinal stem cells (ISCs). Although there has been a lot of studies and reviews on human and murine Paneth cells under intestinal homeostasis or disorders, little is known about Paneth cells in farm animals. Most farm animals possess Paneth cells in their small intestine, as identified by various staining methods, and Paneth cells of various livestock species exhibit noticeable differences in cell shape, granule number, and intestinal distribution. Paneth cells in farm animals and their antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are susceptible to multiple factors such as dietary nutrients and intestinal infection. Thus, the comprehensive understanding of Paneth cells in different livestock species will contribute to the improvement of intestinal health. This review first summarizes the current status of Paneth cells in pig, cattle, sheep, horse, chicken and rabbit, and points out future directions for the investigation of Paneth cells in the reviewed animals.

Keywords: Antimicrobial peptide; Farm animal; Intestinal organoid; Intestine; Paneth cell.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The location and structure of Paneth cells. Paneth cells are located at the bottom of small intestinal crypts and adjacent to intestinal stem cells. Paneth cells contain abundant endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi network to perform the continuous secretion of granules
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The secretory granules in murine Paneth cells can be labelled by multiple staining methods such as HE staining (left), PAS staining (middle), and lysozyme staining (right). Scale bar: 20 μm
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Future directions for the investigation of farm animal Paneth cells mainly include six aspects: the investigation of more detailed information of Paneth cells, the effect of dithizone on Paneth cells, the development of Paneth cell-protecting nutritional regulation, the development of exogenous AMP products, the examination of Paneth cell-derived inflammatory cytokine, and the investigation of proinflammatory Paneth cell death
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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