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. 2023 May-Jun;27(3):201-207.
doi: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_46_23. Epub 2023 Jun 26.

A Pilot Study to Assess Effect of Metformin Therapy on Prevention of Double Diabetes in Indian Adolescents with Type-1 Diabetes

Chirantap Oza  1 , Shruti Mondkar  1 , Nikhil Shah  1   2 , Chidvilas More  1 , Vaman Khadilkar  3   4 , Anuradha Khadilkar  1   4
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A Pilot Study to Assess Effect of Metformin Therapy on Prevention of Double Diabetes in Indian Adolescents with Type-1 Diabetes

Chirantap Oza et al. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2023 May-Jun.

Abstract

Introduction: Increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Indian adolescents owing to the obesity epidemic leads to double diabetes (DD), which is associated with an increased risk of complications in type-1 diabetes (T1D). Metformin may be a useful intervention for the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance in T1D. We conducted this pilot randomized controlled trial with the objective of investigating the effect of metformin on insulin sensitivity in Indian adolescents with T1D.

Method: This pilot randomized controlled trial was performed on 59 participants with T1D aged 10-19 years distributed uniformly by gender and puberty across two groups with a 3-month intervention period. The intervention group received metformin (weight less than 60 kg received 500 mg twice daily and more than 60 kg received 1 gm twice daily) and non-metformin group received standard of care for diabetes. Anthropometric, clinical details, biochemistry and insulin sensitivity indices (ISI) were evaluated using standard protocols at baseline and endline.

Result: 22.2% of subjects from non-metformin group and 12.5% from metformin group were at the risk of the development of DD. The odds ratio and relative risk for the development of DD in non-metformin subjects were 2.0 and 1.4, respectively, as compared to participants in metformin group. The mean improvement in ISI ranged from 1.4% to 4.6% in participants on metformin as opposed to deterioration of -2% to -14.1% in non-metformin group. On performing the paired sample t-test, the reduction in ISI in non-metformin group was significant.

Conclusion: Metformin may prevent deterioration in insulin sensitivity in Indian adolescents with T1D.

Keywords: Adolescents; double diabetes; insulin sensitivity; metabolic syndrome; metformin; type-1 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

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Figure 1
Consort diagram of study design
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