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. 2023 Aug 2;9(8):e18887.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18887. eCollection 2023 Aug.

Dysregulation of adipokines levels among healthy first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes patients

Dyah Purnamasari  1   2 , Cindya Klarisa Simanjuntak  3 , Christian Tricaesario  2 , Dicky Levenus Tahapary  1   2 , Dante Saksono Harbuwono  1   2 , Em Yunir  1   2
Affiliations

Dysregulation of adipokines levels among healthy first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes patients

Dyah Purnamasari et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Background: Leptin, adiponectin and its ratio (L/A), as well as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) have shown association to type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. Since first degree relatives (FDR) of type 2 diabetes are known to have higher risks of developing aforementioned diseases, this study aimed to see differences in adipokines profiles between FDR of type 2 diabetes and non-FDR counterpart.

Methods: Age, sex and body mass index (BMI)-matched normotensive-normoglycemic subjects, aged 19-39 years with BMI<30 kg/m2, were included in this cross-sectional study. Serum adiponectin, leptin, and A-FABP levels were measured by sandwich ELISA while HOMA-IR was calculated from fasting blood glucose and insulin levels.

Results: Of 116 subjects recruited, there were significant difference of insulin level (6.00 vs 5.00 μIU/mL, P = 0.029) and HOMA-IR (1.27 vs 1.10, P = 0.028). Adiponectin, leptin, L/A ratio, and A-FABP levels were not statistically different between FDR and non-FDR groups. Stratified by BMI, non-obese FDR had higher L/A ratio (0.83 vs 0.49, P = 0.020) compared to those of corresponding non-FDR. In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, waist circumference, BMI, and metabolic profiles (HbA1C, HOMA-IR, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglyceride levels), FDR status became significantly associated with adiponectin level, and in non-obese subgroup, remained its significance with L/A ratio.

Conclusion: The FDR status was independently associated with adiponectin level. Furthermore, higher L/A ratio was more pronounced in non-obese FDR than those of non-FDR subjects, suggesting that FDR status may already contribute to the development of adipokines dysregulation before obesity occurs.

Keywords: Adipokines; Adiponectin; Family history; Insulin resistance; Leptin; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the study participants recruitment process.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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