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Review
. 2023 Sep;25(9):579-590.
doi: 10.1007/s11883-023-01129-8. Epub 2023 Aug 18.

Cholesterol Screening in Children: Is a Universal Approach Working?

Tracie K Lin  1 , Thomas C Dispenza  2
Affiliations
Review

Cholesterol Screening in Children: Is a Universal Approach Working?

Tracie K Lin et al. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2023 Sep.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Ample evidence supports that an individual's lifetime risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease correlates to long-term, cumulative exposure to circulating cholesterol levels, beginning in childhood. Selective screening strategies based on family history fail to identify many children with hypercholesterolemia. Universal cholesterol screening in childhood is a worthwhile goal. However, cholesterol screening rates through childhood remain low.

Recent findings: Mounting evidence clarifies the barriers to cholesterol screening in children. Specific strategies to foster universal screening in childhood have been proposed.

Summary: We present an overview of the present state of childhood cholesterol screening, summarizing historical and contemporary guidelines and collating evidence of low adherence to current guidelines. We contend that novel approaches to universal cholesterol screening in childhood are warranted, and we present potential opportunities for improvement. We call for new and universal pediatric cholesterol screening guidelines.

Keywords: barriers; cholesterol; dyslipidemia; hypercholesterolemia; pediatric; screening.

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References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
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