Discovery of Gamma Rays from the Quiescent Sun with HAWC

A Albert¹, R Alfaro², C Alvarez³, J C Arteaga-Velázquez⁴, D Avila Rojas², H A Ayala Solares⁵, R Babu⁶, E Belmont-Moreno², C Brisbois⁷, K S Caballero-Mora³, T Capistrán⁸, A Carramiñana⁹, S Casanova¹⁰, O Chaparro-Amaro¹¹, U Cotti⁴, J Cotzomi¹², S Coutiño de León¹³, E De la Fuente¹⁴, R Diaz Hernandez⁹, B L Dingus^{1

7}, M A DuVernois¹³, M Durocher¹, J C Díaz-Vélez¹⁴, R W Ellsworth⁷, K Engel⁷, C Espinoza², K L Fan⁷, K Fang¹³, M Fernández Alonso⁵, H Fleischhack^{15

16

17}, N Fraija⁸, J A García-González¹⁸, F Garfias⁸, M M González⁸, J A Goodman⁷, J P Harding¹, S Hernandez², J Hinton¹⁹, D Huang⁶, F Hueyotl-Zahuantitla³, P Hüntemeyer⁶, A Iriarte⁸, V Joshi²⁰, S Kaufmann²¹, J Lee²², J T Linnemann²³, A L Longinotti⁸, G Luis-Raya²¹, K Malone²⁴, O Martinez¹², J Martínez-Castro¹¹, J A Matthews²⁵, P Miranda-Romagnoli²⁶, J A Morales-Soto⁴, E Moreno¹², M Mostafá⁵, A Nayerhoda¹⁰, L Nellen²⁷, M U Nisa²³, R Noriega-Papaqui²⁶, L Olivera-Nieto¹⁹, N Omodei²⁸, Y Pérez Araujo⁸, E G Pérez-Pérez²¹, C D Rho²⁹, D Rosa-González⁹, E Ruiz-Velasco¹⁹, H Salazar¹², D Salazar-Gallegos²³, A Sandoval², M Schneider⁷, J Serna-Franco², A J Smith⁷, Y Son²², R W Springer³⁰, O Tibolla²¹, K Tollefson²³, I Torres⁹, R Torres-Escobedo³¹, R Turner⁶, F Ureña-Mena⁹, E Varela¹², L Villaseñor¹², X Wang⁶, I J Watson²², E Willox⁷, S Yun-Cárcamo⁷, H Zhou³¹, C de León⁴, J F Beacom^{32

33

34}, T Linden³⁵, K C Y Ng³⁶, A H G Peter^{32

33

34

37}, B Zhou³⁸; HAWC Collaboration

Affiliations

¹ Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA.
² Instituto de F'isica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
³ Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México.
⁴ Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico.
⁵ Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
⁶ Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
⁷ Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
⁸ Instituto de Astronom'ia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
⁹ Instituto Nacional de Astrof'isica, Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico.
¹⁰ Instytut Fizyki Jadrowej im Henryka Niewodniczanskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk, IFJ-PAN, Krakow, Poland.
¹¹ Centro de Investigaci'on en Computaci'on, Instituto Polit'ecnico Nacional, M'exico City, M'exico.
¹² Facultad de Ciencias F'isico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
¹³ Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
¹⁴ Departamento de F'isica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactase Ingenierias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
¹⁵ Department of Physics, Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC 20064.
¹⁶ NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
¹⁷ Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771.
¹⁸ Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Avenue Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico, 64849.
¹⁹ Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
²⁰ Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
²¹ Universidad Politecnica de Pachuca, Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico.
²² University of Seoul, Seoul, Rep. of Korea.
²³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
²⁴ Space Science and Applications Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA.
²⁵ Dept of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
²⁶ Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.
²⁷ Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
²⁸ Department of Physics, Stanford University: Stanford, CA 94305-4060, USA.
²⁹ Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
³⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
³¹ Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
³² Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP), Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
³³ Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
³⁴ Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
³⁵ The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
³⁶ Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China.
³⁷ School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, 1 Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
³⁸ William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.

PMID: 37595214
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.051201

Discovery of Gamma Rays from the Quiescent Sun with HAWC

A Albert et al. Phys Rev Lett. 2023.

. 2023 Aug 4;131(5):051201.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.051201.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA.
² Instituto de F'isica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
³ Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México.
⁴ Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico.
⁵ Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
⁶ Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
⁷ Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
⁸ Instituto de Astronom'ia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
⁹ Instituto Nacional de Astrof'isica, Óptica y Electrónica, Puebla, Mexico.
¹⁰ Instytut Fizyki Jadrowej im Henryka Niewodniczanskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk, IFJ-PAN, Krakow, Poland.
¹¹ Centro de Investigaci'on en Computaci'on, Instituto Polit'ecnico Nacional, M'exico City, M'exico.
¹² Facultad de Ciencias F'isico Matemáticas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
¹³ Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
¹⁴ Departamento de F'isica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactase Ingenierias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.
¹⁵ Department of Physics, Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE, Washington, DC 20064.
¹⁶ NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
¹⁷ Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771.
¹⁸ Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Avenue Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., Mexico, 64849.
¹⁹ Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
²⁰ Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
²¹ Universidad Politecnica de Pachuca, Pachuca, Hgo, Mexico.
²² University of Seoul, Seoul, Rep. of Korea.
²³ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
²⁴ Space Science and Applications Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87544, USA.
²⁵ Dept of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
²⁶ Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico.
²⁷ Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
²⁸ Department of Physics, Stanford University: Stanford, CA 94305-4060, USA.
²⁹ Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
³⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
³¹ Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
³² Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP), Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
³³ Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
³⁴ Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
³⁵ The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
³⁶ Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China.
³⁷ School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, 1 Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
³⁸ William H. Miller III Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.

PMID: 37595214
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.051201

Abstract

We report the first detection of a TeV γ-ray flux from the solar disk (6.3σ), based on 6.1 years of data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory. The 0.5-2.6 TeV spectrum is well fit by a power law, dN/dE=A(E/1 TeV)^{-γ}, with A=(1.6±0.3)×10^{-12} TeV^{-1} cm^{-2} s^{-1} and γ=3.62±0.14. The flux shows a strong indication of anticorrelation with solar activity. These results extend the bright, hard GeV emission from the disk observed with Fermi-LAT, seemingly due to hadronic Galactic cosmic rays showering on nuclei in the solar atmosphere. However, current theoretical models are unable to explain the details of how solar magnetic fields shape these interactions. HAWC's TeV detection thus deepens the mysteries of the solar-disk emission.

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Discovery of Gamma Rays from the Quiescent Sun with HAWC

Affiliations

Discovery of Gamma Rays from the Quiescent Sun with HAWC

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

LinkOut - more resources

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Research Materials

Miscellaneous