Malignant salivary gland tumors

Abstract

A retrospective review of 403 patients with salivary gland tumors seen between 1958 and 1980 and a mean follow-up of 10 years is reported. The median age was 58 (7-94) years and the male to female ratio 1.3:1. There were 293 (72%) parotid, 83 (21%) submaxillary and 27 (7%) tumors developed at other sites. Among these were 84 (22%) mucoepidermoid (all degrees of differentiation), 87 (22%) adenocystic carcinomas, 70 (17%) adenocarcinomas, 25 (6%) acinic, 26 (6%) squamous cell, 44 (11%) undifferentiated, 52 (13%) mixed and 12 (3%) nonspecified carcinomas. A painless lump was the first symptom in 338 (84%) patients. The first planned treatment was surgery in 110 (27%), radiotherapy in 50 (12%), and surgery and radiotherapy combined in 239 (59%) patients. Following the first treatment, the primary parotid tumor was controlled by surgery in 17/70 (24%), by irradiation in 6/39 (15%) and surgery and radiation combined in 134/182 (74%) patients. Altogether, regional metastases developed in 36 (12%) and distant metastases in 36 (12%) of 293 patients with parotid tumors. For the submandibular tumors the primary tumor was controlled by surgery in 9/31 (29%), 0/4 (0%) by irradiation, and in 32/46 (70%) by surgery and irradiation. Here, regional and distant metastases developed in 16/84 (19%) and 19/84 (23%) patients. Among the other sites the primary tumor was controlled by surgery in 4/9 (44%), 0/7 (0%) by irradiation, and in 8/11 (73%) by surgery and radiotherapy combined. In this group 4/27 (15%) and 5/27 (18%) patients developed regional and distant metastases. The 5- and 10-year cause specific survival rates were 65 and 59% for the parotid tumors, 61 and 48% for the submaxillary tumors and 62 and 52% for the other sites. These results clearly demonstrate the advantages of combining surgery and radiotherapy as the first planned treatment for most tumors.