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. 2023 Jul;45(7):422-434.
doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1772581. Epub 2023 Aug 18.

Operative vaginal delivery

Álvaro Luiz Lage Alves  1 , Lucas Barbosa da Silva  2 , Breno José Acauan Filho  3 , Rodrigo Dias Nunes  4
Affiliations

Operative vaginal delivery

Álvaro Luiz Lage Alves et al. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2023 Jul.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

None to declare.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Source: photographic record by the authors. Simpson (upper) and Kielland (lower) forceps
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Source: photographic record by the authors. Piper’s forceps
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Source: photographic record by the authors. Marelli’s forceps
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Sources: photographic records by the authors; https://www.panamedical.com.br/vacuo-extratores . Kiwi Omni Cup® (left), Mityvac® (center) and Mystic II (right) vacuum extractors
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Source: photographic record by the authors. Thierry’s spatulas
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Source: Adapted from Odon Device (2020) and Silvestri (2013) . Odon device
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Source: photographic record by the authors. Simpson’s forceps presentation in the occiput posterior position
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Source: photographic record by the authors. Application of the left branch of Simpson’s forceps in the occiput posterior position
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Source: photographic record by the authors. Application of the right branch of Simpson’s forceps in the occiput posterior position
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Source: photographic record by the authors. Application of the right branch of Kielland’s forceps with the La Chapelle spiral, in the left occiput anterior (LOA) position
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
Source: Illustration by Felipe Lage Starling (authorized). Fundamental diagnostic criteria for ideal grip (Laufe)
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
Source: Illustration by Felipe Lage Starling (authorized). Axial traction (Saxtorph-Pajot maneuver) in the occiput posterior position
Figure 13.
Figure 13.
Source: Illustration by Felipe Lage Starling (authorized). Key through the keyhole rotation with Kielland’s forceps and wide circumduction movement of the handles with Simpson’s forceps
Figure 14.
Figure 14.
Source: photographic record by the authors. Removal of Simpson’s forceps branches in the occiput posterior position
Figure 15.
Figure 15.
Source: Illustration by Felipe Lage Starling (authorized). Fetal cephalic pole flexion point
Figure 16.
Figure 16.
Larger red arrow: perpendicular pull force downwardsSmaller red arrow: perpendicular force maintaining the cup at the fetal cephalic pole (thumb finger) upwardsDouble red arrow: maintenance of the cup attached to the scalp (index and middle fingers)Black letter J: direction resulting from the traction in the shape of a J (Pajot’s maneuver)Source: Illustration by Felipe Lage Starling (authorized). Vacuum extraction traction technique
Figure 17.
Figure 17.
Source: Photographic record by the authors. Vacuum extraction traction technique
Figure 18.
Figure 18.
Source: Adapted from Benzecry (2006). Application of the right branch of Kielland’s forceps to the anterior parietal bone by means of the Lachapelle maneuver (translation, lowering and torsion of the handle) in the left occiput transverse position
Figure 19.
Figure 19.
Source: Photographic record by the authors. Application of Piper’s forceps on the stuck head with the occiput positioned anteriorly (occiput posterior position)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ; American Academy of Pediatrics . 2nd ed. Washington (DC): ACOG; 2014. Neonatal encephalopathy and neurologic outcome.
    1. Laufe L E, Berkus M D. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1992. Assisted vaginal delivery: obstetric forceps and vacuum extraction techniques.
    1. Spencer C, Murphy D, Bewley S. Caesarean section in the second stage of labour. BMJ. 2006;333(7569):613–4. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38971.466979.DE. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 154: operative vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126(05):e56–65. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001147. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists . Murphy D J, Strachan B K, Bahl R. Assisted vaginal birth: Green-top guideline no. 26. BJOG. 2020;127(09):e70–112. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.16092. - DOI - PubMed

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