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Review
. 2023 Nov;36(8):2257-2267.
doi: 10.1007/s40620-023-01687-9. Epub 2023 Aug 19.

Renal pathology in adult and paediatric population of Japan: review of the Japan renal biopsy registry database from 2007 to 2017

Kazunori Goto  1 , Takahiro Imaizumi  1   2 , Riku Hamada  3 , Kenji Ishikura  4 , Tomoki Kosugi  1 , Ichiei Narita  5 , Hitoshi Sugiyama  6   7 , Akira Shimizu  8 , Hitoshi Yokoyama  9 , Hiroshi Sato  10 , Shoichi Mauryama  11
Affiliations
Review

Renal pathology in adult and paediatric population of Japan: review of the Japan renal biopsy registry database from 2007 to 2017

Kazunori Goto et al. J Nephrol. 2023 Nov.

Abstract

Background: The Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR), a nationwide, web-based, registry system, started in 2007. This study aimed to summarise the epidemiology of biopsy-diagnosed kidney disease in Japan over 10 years.

Methods: We analysed the J-RBR database, from 2007 to 2017. Patients' clinical data collected at the time of biopsy and histopathological diagnoses were used for epidemiological and clinicopathologic analyses.

Results: The predominant renal biopsy diagnoses were immunoglobulin A nephropathy (39.2%), lupus nephritis (6.5%) and minimal change disease (6.0%) in younger adults (19-64 years), and membranous nephropathy (17.4%), antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis or anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (13.0%), and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (12.5%) in older adults (≥ 65 years). The percentages of patients diagnosed with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and immunoglobulin A nephropathy decreased, whereas those with immunoglobulin A vasculitis and diabetic nephropathy increased over the decade. In paediatric patients (< 19 years), immunoglobulin A nephropathy (36.1%), minimal change disease (17.6%), and immunoglobulin A vasculitis (8.6%) were the predominant diagnoses. The percentage of patients diagnosed with immunoglobulin A vasculitis increased over the decade. Based on the sex distribution, minimal change disease and membranous nephropathy were predominant in men aged < 20 and > 40 years, respectively, whereas immunoglobulin A vasculitis and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis or anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis were predominant in women in their 20s and 30s and aged < 50 years, respectively. Immunoglobulin A nephropathy was predominant in men at most ages and in women in their 20s to 40s.

Conclusions: This study describes the distribution and changes in kidney biopsy diagnoses over 10 years in Japan and paves the way for future research on kidney diseases in adults and children.

Keywords: Disease aetiology; Japan renal biopsy registry; Kidney biopsy; Renal pathology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The proportion of females for each diagnosis. The horizontal bars show standard deviation. MCD minimal change disease, FSGS focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, MN membranous nephropathy, MPGN membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, IgAN IgA nephropathy, IgAVas IgA vasculitis, AAV antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, anti-GBMGN anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis, LN lupus nephritis, DMN diabetic nephropathy, NSc nephrosclerosis, ATN acute tubular necrosis, TIN tubulointerstitial nephritis, ALPO Alport syndrome, IRGN infection-related glomerulonephritis, TMA thrombotic microangiopathy, TBMD thin basement membrane disease, AMYL amyloidosis
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The frequency of diagnoses with nephrotic syndrome for each 10-year age group. A The number and B percentage of diagnoses are shown. Data for each panel are shown in Supplementary Table 5
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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