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. 2023 Jun 28:14:22-30.
doi: 10.1016/j.sopen.2023.06.007. eCollection 2023 Aug.

Metagenomics of microbiota following probiotic supplementation in rats subjected to intestinal anastomosis

Tiago Jacometo Coelho de Castilho  1 , Gustavo Henrique Doná Rodrigues de Almeida  2 , Eneri Vieira de S L Mello  2 , Antônio Carlos L Campos  1
Affiliations

Metagenomics of microbiota following probiotic supplementation in rats subjected to intestinal anastomosis

Tiago Jacometo Coelho de Castilho et al. Surg Open Sci. .

Abstract

Background: The use of probiotics positively modifies the composition and function of the intestinal flora, decreasing inflammation, and these changes improve the quality of intestinal anastomosis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the metagenomics of the microbial community after probiotic supplementation in rats subjected to intestinal anastomosis.

Methods: The probiotic chosen for this study was composed of the strains Lactobacillus paracasei LPC37, Bifidobacterium lactis HN0019, Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. Both groups underwent two colostomies, one in the right colon and the second in the rectosigmoid colon, followed by anastomosis with eight interrupted stitches. The rats were killed on the fifth day of PO. Changes in the intestinal microbiota were evaluated by means of a metagenomic study that evaluated bacterial alpha and beta diversity indices.

Results: Although there were no significant differences for any alpha diversity index, changes were observed for beta diversity indexes in the microbiota of rats. The group that received the probiotic preserved and even increased the abundance of beneficial bacterial genera and, at the same time, decreased the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria, promoting a favorable environment for anastomoses' healing.

Conclusion: The use of probiotics had a positive impact on the quality of the intestinal microbiota.

Keywords: Colorectal surgery; Lactobacillus; Metagenomics; Microbiota; Probiotics.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Alpha diversity indices evaluating the richness and diversity in the gut microbiota of the preoperative period. A = Evennes, Shannon, and Simpson, B = Fisher and InvSimpsom, C = Chao1, ACE and Observed.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Alpha diversity indices evaluating the richness and diversity in the intestinal microbiota of the postoperative period. A = Evennes, Shannon, and Simpson, B = Fisher and InvSimpsom, C = Chao1, ACE and Observed.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) showing the clustering profile between the control and probiotic groups according to microbial community composition for the preoperative (A) post-operative (B) periods. The percentage of variability explained by the corresponding coordinate is indicated on the axis. Each point represents a sample, red symbols indicate the control, and blue symbols indicate the treatment of probiotics. Ellipses serve as a visual guide to group differences. Please note that the closer the distance between different samples, the more similarities exist in the species composition. Samples with high similarity of community structure are incline to be clustered together, while communities with large variation will be separated remotely on the plot area. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Heat map comparing the frequency of differential abundance of bacterial genera between the control and probiotic group in the preoperative period.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Heat map comparing the frequency of differential abundance of bacterial genera between the control and probiotic group in the preoperative period.
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