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. 2023 Jul 19;15(7):e42166.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.42166. eCollection 2023 Jul.

A Retrospective Analysis of Clinico-Demographic and Genetic Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Isoniazid Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: A Single-Center Study

Parikh K Hymn  1 , Yamini Gurjar  2 , Nikita M Savani  2
Affiliations

A Retrospective Analysis of Clinico-Demographic and Genetic Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes in Isoniazid Mono-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: A Single-Center Study

Parikh K Hymn et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Introduction: Treatment failure and relapse rates are more likely to occur when there is isoniazid (INH) resistance. So, we can no longer ignore the problem of isoniazid mono-resistance. It is pertinent to control the spread of primary INH resistance and prevent secondary resistance.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate subjects' clinical, demographic, and genetic characteristics and explore their treatment outcomes.

Methods: All data of isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis (TB) patients, which were maintained in the electronic database of mandatory notifications (NIKSHAY Portal) between 2017 and 2022, were reviewed. A total of 54 patients were included after excluding five patients with ongoing treatment.

Results: Of 54 patients, 41 (75.9%) were cured, which was classified under favorable outcome, and the rest were classified under unfavorable outcome. Phenotypic, high-level mutation (katG) was found in 48 (88.9%) patients. Kaplan-Meier curves show that survival probabilities increase in weeks with regular intake of drugs.

Conclusion: Our study found that those with younger ages and males were more affected. We found favorable outcomes in the majority of patients.

Keywords: clinical characteristics; demographic characteristics; genetic mutation characteristics; mono-resistant; successful treatment outcome; tuberculosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Treatment outcomes of isoniazid mono-resistant patients
Figure 2
Figure 2. Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank test for the probability of unfavorable outcomes, according to regular intake of drug
Figure 3
Figure 3. Kaplan-Meier plots and log-rank test for the probability of unfavorable outcomes, according to sputum conversion
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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