A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action

Andrew Gonzalez¹, Petteri Vihervaara², Patricia Balvanera³, Amanda E Bates⁴, Elisa Bayraktarov⁵, Peter J Bellingham⁶, Andreas Bruder⁷, Jillian Campbell⁸, Michael D Catchen⁹, Jeannine Cavender-Bares¹⁰, Jonathan Chase^{11

12}, Nicholas Coops¹³, Mark J Costello¹⁴, Bálint Czúcz¹⁵, Aurélie Delavaud¹⁶, Maria Dornelas^{17

18}, Grégoire Dubois¹⁹, Emmett J Duffy²⁰, Hilde Eggermont²¹, Miguel Fernandez^{22

23}, Nestor Fernandez^{11

12}, Simon Ferrier²⁴, Gary N Geller²⁵, Michael Gill²⁶, Dominique Gravel²⁷, Carlos A Guerra^{11

28}, Robert Guralnick²⁹, Michael Harfoot³⁰, Tim Hirsch³¹, Sean Hoban³², Alice C Hughes³³, Wim Hugo³⁴, Margaret E Hunter³⁵, Forest Isbell¹⁰, Walter Jetz³⁶, Norbert Juergens³⁷, W Daniel Kissling³⁸, Cornelia B Krug³⁹, Peter Kullberg⁴⁰, Yvan Le Bras⁴¹, Brian Leung⁹, Maria Cecilia Londoño-Murcia⁴², Jean-Michel Lord⁴³, Michel Loreau⁴⁴, Amy Luers⁴⁵, Keping Ma⁴⁶, Anna J MacDonald⁴⁷, Joachim Maes⁴⁸, Melodie McGeoch⁴⁹, Jean Baptiste Mihoub⁵⁰, Katie L Millette⁴³, Zsolt Molnar⁵¹, Enrique Montes^{52

53}, Akira S Mori⁵⁴, Frank E Muller-Karger⁵⁵, Hiroyuki Muraoka^{56

57}, Masahiro Nakaoka⁵⁸, Laetitia Navarro⁵⁹, Tim Newbold⁶⁰, Aidin Niamir⁶¹, David Obura⁶², Mary O'Connor⁶³, Marc Paganini⁶⁴, Dominique Pelletier⁶⁵, Henrique Pereira^{11

66}, Timothée Poisot⁶⁷, Laura J Pollock⁹, Andy Purvis^{68

69}, Adriana Radulovici⁴³, Duccio Rocchini⁷⁰, Claudia Roeoesli⁷¹, Michael Schaepman⁷¹, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub⁷², Dirk S Schmeller⁷³, Ute Schmiedel³⁷, Fabian D Schneider²⁵, Mangal Man Shakya⁷⁴, Andrew Skidmore⁷⁵, Andrew L Skowno^{76

77}, Yayioi Takeuchi⁵⁷, Mao-Ning Tuanmu⁷⁸, Eren Turak⁷⁹, Woody Turner⁸⁰, Mark C Urban⁸¹, Nicolás Urbina-Cardona⁸², Ruben Valbuena⁸³, Anton Van de Putte^{84

85}, Basile van Havre⁸⁶, Vladimir Ruslan Wingate⁸⁷, Elaine Wright⁸⁸, Carlos Zambrana Torrelio⁸⁹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. andrew.gonzalez@mcgill.ca.
² Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
³ Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico.
⁴ Biology Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
⁵ EcoCommons Australia, Research, Specialised and Data Foundations, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
⁶ Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand.
⁷ Institute of Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Mendrisio, Switzerland.
⁸ Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁹ Department of Biology, Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
¹⁰ Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
¹¹ German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Halle, Germany.
¹² Department of Computer Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
¹³ University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
¹⁴ Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord Universitet, Bodø, Norway.
¹⁵ Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Trondheim, Norway.
¹⁶ Fondation for Research on Biodiversity (FRB), Paris, France.
¹⁷ Centre for Biological Diversity, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
¹⁸ Guia Marine Lab, MARE, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Cascais, Portugal.
¹⁹ Knowledge Centre for Biodiversity, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra, Italy.
²⁰ Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network and MarineGEO program, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA.
²¹ Belgian Science Policy Office, Belgian Biodiversity Platform/Biodiversa+, Brussels, Belgium.
²² German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
²³ Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
²⁴ CSIRO Environment, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
²⁵ NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
²⁶ NatureServe, Arlington, VA, USA.
²⁷ Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
²⁸ Department of Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
²⁹ Department of Natural History, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
³⁰ Vizzuality, Madrid, Spain.
³¹ Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³² The Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, USA.
³³ School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
³⁴ , Paarl, South Africa.
³⁵ US Geological Survey, Wetland & Aquatic Research Center, Sirenia Project, Gainesville, FL, USA.
³⁶ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
³⁷ Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
³⁸ Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³⁹ bioDISCOVERY, Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁴⁰ Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Nature Solutions Unit, Helsinki, Finland.
⁴¹ Pôle national de données de biodiversité, PatriNat, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Station Marine de Concarneau, Concarneau, France.
⁴² Alexander von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institute, Bogotá, Colombia.
⁴³ The Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON), Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁴⁴ Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS, Moulis, France.
⁴⁵ Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA.
⁴⁶ Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁴⁷ Australian Antarctic Division, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Kingston, Tasmania, Australia.
⁴⁸ European Commission, Brussels, Belgium.
⁴⁹ Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, Department of Environment and Genetics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
⁵⁰ Centre d'Écologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CP 135, Paris, France.
⁵¹ Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vácrátót, Hungary.
⁵² Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁵³ Ocean Chemistry and Ecosystems Division, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁵⁴ Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵⁵ College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St Petersburg, FL, USA.
⁵⁶ River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
⁵⁷ Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.
⁵⁸ Akkeshi Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
⁵⁹ Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain.
⁶⁰ Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, UK.
⁶¹ Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Institute, Frankfurt, Germany.
⁶² CORDIO East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya.
⁶³ Biodiversity Research Centre and Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁶⁴ ESRIN Largo Galileo Galilei, Frascati, Italy.
⁶⁵ French Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea (Ifremer), Lorient, France.
⁶⁶ Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
⁶⁷ Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁶⁸ Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.
⁶⁹ Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK.
⁷⁰ Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Science, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
⁷¹ Remote Sensing Laboratories, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁷² Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁷³ Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
⁷⁴ Wildlife Watch Group, Kathmandu, Nepal.
⁷⁵ Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
⁷⁶ South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁷⁷ Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁷⁸ Thematic Center for Systematics and Biodiversity Informatics, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁷⁹ NSW Department of Environment and Planning, Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia.
⁸⁰ Earth Science Division, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC, USA.
⁸¹ Center of Biological Risk and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
⁸² Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Departamento de Ecología y Territorio, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
⁸³ Division of Remote Sensing of Forests, Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, Sweden.
⁸⁴ Royal Belgian Institute for Naturalsciences, Brussels, Belgium.
⁸⁵ Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
⁸⁶ Environment and Climate Change Canada, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada.
⁸⁷ Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
⁸⁸ NZ Department of Conservation, Christchurch, New Zealand.
⁸⁹ Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.

PMID: 37620553
DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02171-0

A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action

Andrew Gonzalez et al. Nat Ecol Evol. 2023 Dec.

. 2023 Dec;7(12):1947-1952.

doi: 10.1038/s41559-023-02171-0.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biology, Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. andrew.gonzalez@mcgill.ca.
² Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
³ Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mexico.
⁴ Biology Department, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
⁵ EcoCommons Australia, Research, Specialised and Data Foundations, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
⁶ Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand.
⁷ Institute of Microbiology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Mendrisio, Switzerland.
⁸ Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁹ Department of Biology, Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
¹⁰ Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA.
¹¹ German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Halle, Germany.
¹² Department of Computer Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
¹³ University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
¹⁴ Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord Universitet, Bodø, Norway.
¹⁵ Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Trondheim, Norway.
¹⁶ Fondation for Research on Biodiversity (FRB), Paris, France.
¹⁷ Centre for Biological Diversity, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
¹⁸ Guia Marine Lab, MARE, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Cascais, Portugal.
¹⁹ Knowledge Centre for Biodiversity, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra, Italy.
²⁰ Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network and MarineGEO program, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD, USA.
²¹ Belgian Science Policy Office, Belgian Biodiversity Platform/Biodiversa+, Brussels, Belgium.
²² German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
²³ Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
²⁴ CSIRO Environment, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
²⁵ NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
²⁶ NatureServe, Arlington, VA, USA.
²⁷ Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
²⁸ Department of Biology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
²⁹ Department of Natural History, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
³⁰ Vizzuality, Madrid, Spain.
³¹ Global Biodiversity Information Facility, Copenhagen, Denmark.
³² The Center for Tree Science, The Morton Arboretum, Lisle, IL, USA.
³³ School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
³⁴ , Paarl, South Africa.
³⁵ US Geological Survey, Wetland & Aquatic Research Center, Sirenia Project, Gainesville, FL, USA.
³⁶ Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
³⁷ Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
³⁸ Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
³⁹ bioDISCOVERY, Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁴⁰ Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Nature Solutions Unit, Helsinki, Finland.
⁴¹ Pôle national de données de biodiversité, PatriNat, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Station Marine de Concarneau, Concarneau, France.
⁴² Alexander von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institute, Bogotá, Colombia.
⁴³ The Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON), Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁴⁴ Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS, Moulis, France.
⁴⁵ Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA.
⁴⁶ Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁴⁷ Australian Antarctic Division, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water, Kingston, Tasmania, Australia.
⁴⁸ European Commission, Brussels, Belgium.
⁴⁹ Securing Antarctica's Environmental Future, Department of Environment and Genetics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
⁵⁰ Centre d'Écologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CP 135, Paris, France.
⁵¹ Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Vácrátót, Hungary.
⁵² Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁵³ Ocean Chemistry and Ecosystems Division, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida, USA.
⁵⁴ Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵⁵ College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St Petersburg, FL, USA.
⁵⁶ River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
⁵⁷ Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.
⁵⁸ Akkeshi Marine Station, Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
⁵⁹ Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain.
⁶⁰ Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, UK.
⁶¹ Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Institute, Frankfurt, Germany.
⁶² CORDIO East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya.
⁶³ Biodiversity Research Centre and Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
⁶⁴ ESRIN Largo Galileo Galilei, Frascati, Italy.
⁶⁵ French Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea (Ifremer), Lorient, France.
⁶⁶ Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
⁶⁷ Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁶⁸ Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK.
⁶⁹ Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK.
⁷⁰ Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Science, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
⁷¹ Remote Sensing Laboratories, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁷² Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁷³ Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
⁷⁴ Wildlife Watch Group, Kathmandu, Nepal.
⁷⁵ Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
⁷⁶ South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch National Botanical Gardens, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁷⁷ Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁷⁸ Thematic Center for Systematics and Biodiversity Informatics, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁷⁹ NSW Department of Environment and Planning, Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia.
⁸⁰ Earth Science Division, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC, USA.
⁸¹ Center of Biological Risk and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
⁸² Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Departamento de Ecología y Territorio, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
⁸³ Division of Remote Sensing of Forests, Department of Forest Resource Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Umeå, Sweden.
⁸⁴ Royal Belgian Institute for Naturalsciences, Brussels, Belgium.
⁸⁵ Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
⁸⁶ Environment and Climate Change Canada, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada.
⁸⁷ Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
⁸⁸ NZ Department of Conservation, Christchurch, New Zealand.
⁸⁹ Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.

PMID: 37620553
DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02171-0

Erratum in

Author Correction: A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action.
Gonzalez A, Vihervaara P, Balvanera P, Bates AE, Bayraktarov E, Bellingham PJ, Bruder A, Campbell J, Catchen MD, Cavender-Bares J, Chase J, Coops N, Costello MJ, Czúcz B, Delavaud A, Dornelas M, Dubois G, Duffy EJ, Eggermont H, Fernandez M, Fernandez N, Ferrier S, Geller GN, Gill M, Gravel D, Guerra CA, Guralnick R, Harfoot M, Hirsch T, Hoban S, Hughes AC, Hugo W, Hunter ME, Isbell F, Jetz W, Juergens N, Kissling WD, Krug CB, Kullberg P, Le Bras Y, Leung B, Londoño-Murcia MC, Lord JM, Loreau M, Luers A, Ma K, MacDonald AJ, Maes J, McGeoch M, Mihoub JB, Millette KL, Molnar Z, Montes E, Mori AS, Muller-Karger FE, Muraoka H, Nakaoka M, Navarro L, Newbold T, Niamir A, Obura D, O'Connor M, Paganini M, Pelletier D, Pereira H, Poisot T, Pollock LJ, Purvis A, Radulovici A, Rocchini D, Roeoesli C, Schaepman M, Schaepman-Strub G, Schmeller DS, Schmiedel U, Schneider FD, Shakya MM, Skidmore A, Skowno AL, Takeuchi Y, Tuanmu MN, Turak E, Turner W, Urban MC, Urbina-Cardona N, Valbuena R, Van de Putte A, van Havre B, Wingate VR, Wright E, Torrelio CZ. Gonzalez A, et al. Nat Ecol Evol. 2023 Dec;7(12):2173. doi: 10.1038/s41559-023-02263-x. Nat Ecol Evol. 2023. PMID: 37985899 No abstract available.

No abstract available

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References

1. Obura, D. et al. One Earth 6, 105–117 (2023). - DOI
1. Leadley, P. et al. One Earth 5, 597–603 (2022). - DOI
1. Gonzalez, A. & Londoño, M. C. Science 378, 1147 (2022). - DOI - PubMed
1. Scholes, R. J. et al. Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain. 4, 139–146 (2012). - DOI
1. Pereira, H. M. & David Cooper, H. Trends Ecol. Evol. 21, 123–129 (2006). - DOI - PubMed

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A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action

Affiliations

A global biodiversity observing system to unite monitoring and guide action

Authors

Affiliations

Erratum in

References

MeSH terms