Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Jul 31;15(8):484.
doi: 10.3390/toxins15080484.

Fusarium Species and Mycotoxins Associated with Sorghum Grains in Uruguay

Ana Belén Corallo  1 , Agustina Del Palacio  1 , María Oliver  1 , Susana Tiscornia  1 , Macarena Simoens  2 , Jaqueline Cea  2 , Inés de Aurrecoechea  3 , Inés Martínez  4 , Alicia Sanchez  4 , Silvina Stewart  5 , Dinorah Pan  1
Affiliations

Fusarium Species and Mycotoxins Associated with Sorghum Grains in Uruguay

Ana Belén Corallo et al. Toxins (Basel). .

Abstract

Grain mold and stalk rot are among the fungal diseases that cause significant losses in sorghum worldwide and are caused by different Fusarium spp. The presence of Fusarium species in sorghum grains causes yield losses and mycotoxin contamination, which represents a risk to consumers. In this study, Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) had a high incidence, followed by Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) and F. incarnatum-equiseti species complex. Within FFSC, F. proliferatum, F. andiyazi, F. fujikuroi, F. thapsinum, F. verticillioides and F. subglutinans were identified, and this was the first report of F. fujikuroi in sorghum. The most frequent toxins found in sorghum samples were deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN). The presence of fumonisins and nivalenol (NIV) was detected at low levels. This study adds new knowledge about the occurrence of Fusarium species and mycotoxins in sorghum grains. Furthermore, this is the first report in Uruguay on fungicide sensitivity for Fusarium isolates from sorghum, which constitutes an important starting point for defining management practices to minimize fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination.

Keywords: Fusarium fujikuroi species complex; Fusarium graminearum; fumonisin; fungicide sensitivity; trichothecene; zearalenone.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Incidence (%) of the different Fusarium species infecting the sorghum samples during 2016 and 2017 as assessed by visual observations. Incidence was calculated as the percentage of grain infected out of the total analyzed grains per sorghum sample. Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC); Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC); Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (FIESC).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of EC50 (mg/L) values of Fusarium proliferatum isolates for epoxiconazole, tebuconazole, carbendazim and metconazole.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Distribution of EC50 (mg/L) values of Fusarium graminearum s.s isolates for epoxiconazole, tebuconazole, carbendazim and metconazole.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Map depicting the location of departments in Uruguay where sorghum samples were harvested in two sorghum growing seasons, 2016 and 2017.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. FAOSTAT FAOSTAT Statistical Database. 2015. [(accessed on 6 May 2022)]. Available online: http://faostat3.fao.org/home/E.
    1. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) World Agricultural Production. [(accessed on 6 May 2022)];2022 Available online: https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/circulars/production.pdf.
    1. Astoreca A., Emateguy G., Alconada T. Fungal contamination and mycotoxins associated with sorghum crop: Its relevance today. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 2019;155:381–392. doi: 10.1007/s10658-019-01797-w. - DOI
    1. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Projections to 2024. World Agricultural Outlook Board; Washington, DC, USA: 2015. Office of the Chief Economist.
    1. DIEA Anuario estadístico agropecuario, Ministerio de Ganadería Agricultura y Pesca. Montevideo. DIEA. 2013. [(accessed on 10 August 2022)]. Available online: https://descargas.mgap.gub.uy/DIEA/Documentos%20compartidos/Anuario2013/....

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources