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. 2023 Aug 10;10(8):1370.
doi: 10.3390/children10081370.

Comparative Analysis of Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Neonates among Women with and without COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy

Daniela-Eugenia Popescu  1   2 , Simona Cerbu  3 , Ioana Rosca  4   5 , Nicoleta Lungu  1   6 , Ana Adriana Trușculescu  7   8 , Valerica Belengeanu  9 , Aniko Maria Manea  1 , Mirabela Adina Dima  1 , Florin Gorun  10 , Zoran Laurentiu Popa  1 , Doru Ciprian Crisan  1 , Marioara Boia  1   6
Affiliations

Comparative Analysis of Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Neonates among Women with and without COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy

Daniela-Eugenia Popescu et al. Children (Basel). .

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the test results of neonates delivered by COVID-19-positive mothers during pregnancy with those of neonates born to unvaccinated mothers who are COVID-19-free. A cohort study was conducted on 367 pregnant women who gave birth at Premiere Hospital, Timisoara, Romania, between May 2021 and February 2022. Two groups were established: Group 1, with 167 pregnant women infected with COVID-19, and Group 2, with 200 pregnant women who were not affected by COVID-19 during pregnancy. Maternal laboratory examination did not exhibit significant variations except for platelet count. In neonatal blood tests, WBC had a significantly lower median value in the group born to COVID-19-free mothers. Neonatal anemia and leukocytosis showed slightly higher prevalence in Group 1, but the differences were not statistically significant. This study suggests that maternal COVID-19 infection during pregnancy does not have significant associations with most maternal and neonatal characteristics.

Keywords: COVID-19; pregnancy complications; vertical transmission.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comparative analysis of neonatal laboratory test medians according to the presence of COVID-19 symptoms: (a) Hematological tests; (b) Biochemical laboratory tests. Note: Black dots represent outliers; The whiskers extend from the minimum to the lower quartile and from the upper quartile to the maximum; Red colour represents hematological tests and and blue colour biochemical blood tests.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparative analysis of neonatal laboratory test medians according to the presence of COVID-19 hospitalization: (a) Hematological tests; (b) Biochemical laboratory tests. Note: Black dots represent outliers; The whiskers extend from the minimum to the lower quartile and from the upper quartile to the maximum; Red colour represents hematological tests and and blue colour biochemical blood tests.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparative analysis of neonatal laboratory test medians according to the trimester of maternal infection with COVID-19. Note: Black dots represent outliers; The whiskers extend from the minimum to the lower quartile and from the upper quartile to the maximum; Red colour represents hematological tests and and blue colour biochemical blood tests.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Correlation matrix plot presenting pairwise correlation coefficients between neonatal hematological, biochemical, and immunological findings. Note: Sign “?” = “not applicable”; as none of the participants were tested for both IgG and anti-S antibodies.
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