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Review
. 2023 Aug 9;28(16):5973.
doi: 10.3390/molecules28165973.

Leading Edge Technologies and Perspectives in Industrial Oilseed Extraction

Christian Cravotto  1 , Ombéline Claux  2 , Mickaël Bartier  2 , Anne-Sylvie Fabiano-Tixier  1 , Silvia Tabasso  3
Affiliations
Review

Leading Edge Technologies and Perspectives in Industrial Oilseed Extraction

Christian Cravotto et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

With the increase in the world's population and per capita wealth, oil producers must not only increase edible oil production but also meet the demand for a higher quality and variety of products. Recently, the focus has shifted from single processing steps to the entire vegetable oil production process, with an emphasis on introducing innovative technologies to improve quality and production efficiency. In this review, conventional methods of oilseed storage, processing and extraction are presented, as well as innovative processing and extraction techniques. Furthermore, the parameters most affecting the products' yields and quality at the industrial level are critically described. The extensive use of hexane for the extraction of most vegetable oils is undoubtedly the main concern of the whole production process in terms of health, safety and environmental issues. Therefore, special attention is paid to environmentally friendly solvents such as ethanol, supercritical CO2, 2-methyloxolane, water enzymatic extraction, etc. The state of the art in the use of green solvents is described and an objective assessment of their potential for more sustainable industrial processes is proposed.

Keywords: alternative solvents; enabling technologies; intensification; oil extraction; oilseed; protein meal; secondary metabolites.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Typical processes in the reception and storage of oilseeds.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Oilseed general processing.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Soybean general dehulling process.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Example of a continuous industrial-scale plant for microwave pre-treatment of oilseeds.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a) PEF electroporation mechanism; (b) continuous flow pre-treatment and/or extraction system under combined US (C2FUT Srl) and PEF (Energy Pulse Systems) conditions, DSTF-University of Turin [25].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Comparison between DIC and expander treatments [17].
Figure 7
Figure 7
Screw expression process of oilseeds.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Schematic representation of the twin-screw extruder combining thermomechanical extrusion and solvent extraction [42].
Figure 9
Figure 9
Possible two-stage extruder design for GAME [43].
Figure 10
Figure 10
Countercurrent immersion and percolation extractors [3,12,39,50].
Figure 11
Figure 11
Crude oil chemical and physical refining process: a general overview.
Figure 12
Figure 12
(a) Cross-current extraction principle; (b) countercurrent extraction principle; (c) semi-continuous countercurrent extraction.
Figure 13
Figure 13
(1) Oil solubility in absolute ethanol and isopropanol and azeotropic mixtures; (2) sunflower oil solubility in ethanol/water mixtures [61].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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