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. 2023 Aug 9;12(16):2902.
doi: 10.3390/plants12162902.

Effect of Reducing Nitrogen Fertilization and Adding Organic Fertilizer on Net Photosynthetic Rate, Root Nodules and Yield in Peanut

Guanchu Zhang  1 , Qiangbo Liu  2 , Zhimeng Zhang  1 , Dunwei Ci  1 , Jialei Zhang  3 , Yang Xu  1 , Qing Guo  1 , Manlin Xu  1 , Kang He  1
Affiliations

Effect of Reducing Nitrogen Fertilization and Adding Organic Fertilizer on Net Photosynthetic Rate, Root Nodules and Yield in Peanut

Guanchu Zhang et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

Long-term excessive application of chemical fertilizers can cause many problems, such as soil degradation and environmental pollution. Therefore, we reduced conventional nitrogen fertilization and added organic fertilizers in some cases to investigate the response of photosynthetic characteristics, root nodules and yield on reduced nitrogen fertilization. Compared to conventional nitrogen fertilization, the 25% and 35% nitrogen reduction treatments reduced the leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate, 100-fruit weight, 100-kernel weight and the yield of peanut, but had no significant effect on the kernel rate. With constant N fertilizer, adding organic fertilization alone increased leaf area index, chlorophyll, net photosynthetic rate and yield of peanut. In compounded treatments of nitrogen and organic fertilizer, the highest yields were achieved in the 25% N reduction with the 3000 kg/hm-2 organic fertilizer treatment (T3) and the 4500 kg/hm-2 organic fertilizer treatment (T4); furthermore, the net photosynthetic rate, leaf area index, yield and fertilizer contribution were significantly higher in these two treatments than in the conventional fertilizer treatments. Nitrogen fertilizer had significant effects on the quantity and fresh weight of root nodules. Concretely, nitrogen reduction increased the quantity and fresh weight of root nodules of peanut in the early stage of fertility but decreased them in the harvest stage. Nitrogen reduction with an additional organic fertilizer in the late stage of fertility increased the quantity and fresh weight of root nodules of peanut. Considering the property of root nodules was significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate and yield, the arguments above may be the mechanism of the highest yields found in T3 and T4. This work can provide empirical and instructional support for a balanced fertilization strategy in peanut agriculture and high-yielding and efficient cultivation of peanut.

Keywords: nitrogen fertilizer; organic fertilizer; peanut; photosynthetic characteristics; root nodules.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The Pn of leaf in peanut under different treatments. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at 0.05 level.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The SPAD of leaf in peanut under different treatments. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at 0.05 level.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The LAI of leaf in peanut under different treatments. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at 0.05 level.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Average fertilizer contribution under different treatments. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at 0.05 level.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Linear analysis of net photosynthetic rate, root nodules and yield. (A,B): Linear analysis of yield and Pn; (C): Linear analysis of yield and nodule number; (D): Linear analysis of yield and nodule weight; (E): Linear analysis of Pn and root nodule number; (F): Linear analysis of Pn and root nodule weight.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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