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. 2023 Aug 15;9(8):e19148.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19148. eCollection 2023 Aug.

Xanthine oxidase, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of the essential oil from Piper lolot: In vitro and in silico studies

Tan Khanh Nguyen  1   2 , Linh Thuy Thi Tran  3 , Duc Ho Viet  3 , Pham Hong Thai  4 , Tran Phuong Ha  4 , Pham Viet Ty  5 , Le Phu Duc  6 , Dat Ton That Huu  4 , Le Canh Viet Cuong  4   7
Affiliations

Xanthine oxidase, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of the essential oil from Piper lolot: In vitro and in silico studies

Tan Khanh Nguyen et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Introduction: Piper lolot is a species of herb used as a popular food in Vietnam. Furthermore, the species has been used as a Vietnamese traditional medicine to treat many diseases.

Methods: Chemical constituents in the essential oil from leaves of Piper lolot were determined using GC/MS analysis. The anti-gout and anti-diabetic activities of the essential oil were determined through the inhibitory assays against xanthine oxidase, α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. In addition, molecular docking simulations were used to elucidate the inhibitory mechanism between the main compounds and the enzymes.

Results: The dominant constituents of the Piper lolot essential oils were determined as β-caryophyllene (20.6%), β-bisabolene (11.6%), β-selinene (8.4%), β-elemene (7.7%), trans-muurola-4(14),5-diene (7.4%), and (E)-β-ocimene (6.7%). The essential oil displayed xanthine oxidase, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 28.4, 130.6, and 59.1 μg/mL, respectively. The anti-gout and anti-diabetic activities of the essential oil from the P. lolot species are reported for the first time. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation was consistent to in vitro experiments.

Conclusion: The present study provides initial evidence that the essential oil of P. lolot may be a potential natural source to develop new diabetes preparations.

Keywords: Essential oil; Piper lolot; Xanthine oxidase; α-amylase; α-glucosidase.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Major compounds of Piper lolot essential oil. The number of compounds in the figure corresponds to their number in Table 1.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Docking site of ligands to the target proteins.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Interaction between β-bisabolene and protein (A) Xanthine oxidase (B) α-Amylase (C) α-Glucosidase.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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