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. 2023 Aug 10:14:1231978.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1231978. eCollection 2023.

Effects of tea oil camellia (Camellia oleifera Abel.) shell-based organic fertilizers on the physicochemical property and microbial community structure of the rhizosphere soil

Anxiang Huang  1 , Zhongwei Wang  1 , Dingyun Yang  2 , Shoulu Yang  1 , Wennian Bai  1 , Nengying Wu  1 , Xiang Lu  1 , Zhu Liu  1
Affiliations

Effects of tea oil camellia (Camellia oleifera Abel.) shell-based organic fertilizers on the physicochemical property and microbial community structure of the rhizosphere soil

Anxiang Huang et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

Soil microorganisms play important roles in promoting soil ecosystem restoration, but much of the current research has been limited to changes in microbial community structure in general, and little is known regarding the soil physicochemical property and microbial community structure. In this study, four organic fertilizers were first prepared based on tea oil camellia shell (TOCS). Our findings indicate that the application of BOFvo increased both total pore volume and BET surface area of the rhizosphere soils, as well there was a remarkable enhancement in total organic matter (TOM), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and available potassium (AK) contents of the rhizosphere soils. Meanwhile, in comparison to the CK and CF groups, the utilization of BOFvo led to a substantial increase in both average yield and fruiting rate per plant at maturity, as well resulted in a significant increase in TN and TP contents of tea oil camellia leaves. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the application of TOCS-based organic fertilizers significantly enhances the microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soils with Proteobacteria and Ascomycota being the dominant bacterial and fungal phyla, respectively, and Rhodanobacter and Fusarium being the dominant bacterial and fungal genus, respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicates that the physicochemical characteristics of TOCS-based organic fertilizers had a significant impact on the composition and distribution of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soils. This study will facilitate the promotion and application of TOCS-based organic fertilizers, thereby establishing a foundation for the reuse of tea oil camellia waste resources.

Keywords: microbial community structure; organic fertilizer; rhizosphere soil; soil porosity; tea oil camellia shell.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Field trials design as well as soil and leaf samples collection model.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
(A) Isothermal adsorption curve, (B) pore size distribution, and (C) pore volume distribution.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Principal component analysis of microbial communities at genus level in the rhizosphere soil. (A) PCA of bacterial community at genus level. (B) PCA of fungal community at genus level.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Microbial relative abundances at the phylum level in the rhizosphere soils treated by different TOCS-based organic fertilizers. (A) Relative abundances of the bacterial at the phylum level. (B) Relative abundances of the fungal at the phylum levels. Different lowercase letters indicate that the relative abundances of fungal and bacteria phylum in the rhizosphere soils with significant difference at p < 0.05 among different TOCS-based organic fertilizers treatment.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
The heatmap of bacterial and fungal genus abundances in the rhizosphere soils treated by different TOCS-based organic fertilizers. (A) Spearman’s correlations between the bacterial genera abundances in the rhizosphere soils and different TOCS-based organic fertilizers. (B) Spearman’s correlations between the fungal genera abundances in the rhizosphere soils and different TOCS-based organic fertilizers.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
(A,B) Redundancy analysis between the physicochemical properties of TOCS-based organic fertilizers and bacterial community of the rhizosphere soils. (C,D) RDA between the physicochemical properties of TOCS-based organic fertilizers and fungal community of the rhizosphere soils.
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