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Review
. 2023 Aug 14:14:1238789.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1238789. eCollection 2023.

Research progress of extracellular vesicles and exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases

Wenwen Zhang  1   2 , Tingyu Wang  1   2 , Yuanye Xue  1   2 , Bingbing Zhan  3 , Zengjie Lai  4 , Wenjie Huang  5 , Xinsheng Peng  6   7 , Yanfang Zhou  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Research progress of extracellular vesicles and exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases

Wenwen Zhang et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

There is growing evidence that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and exosomes can significantly improve the curative effect of oxidative stress-related diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles and exosomes (MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos) are rich in bioactive molecules and have many biological regulatory functions. In this review, we describe how MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos reduce the related markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in various systemic diseases, and the molecular mechanism of MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos in treating apoptosis and vascular injury induced by oxidative stress. The results of a large number of experimental studies have shown that both local and systemic administration can effectively inhibit the oxidative stress response in diseases and promote the survival and regeneration of damaged parenchymal cells. The mRNA and miRNAs in MSC-EVs and MSC-Exos are the most important bioactive molecules in disease treatment, which can inhibit the apoptosis, necrosis and oxidative stress of lung, heart, kidney, liver, bone, skin and other cells, and promote their survive and regenerate.

Keywords: cell proliferation; exosomes; extracellular vesicles; inflammation; mesenchymal stem cells; oxidative stress.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Treatment of related systemic diseases caused by oxidative stress with mesenchymal stem cell exosomes and vesicles: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes and exosomes can decrease ROS, inhibit inflammation, reduce cell apoptosis, and enhance angiogenesis, thereby treating respiratory, circulatory, and digestive systems, nervous system, motor system and other system diseases caused by oxidative stress.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Immunosuppression and immune activation of exosomes. This figure describes the immunosuppressive effect of exosomes in cancer and the activation of immune response in synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Exosomes can help tumor cells escape killing by using human immunosuppressive mechanism. Exosomes can also be used as blockers of immune checkpoints to activate the immune response of T cells to kill tumor cells .
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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