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. 2023 Nov 11;228(10):1456-1466.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad371.

Association of Gut Microbiota With Objective Sleep Measures in Women With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: The IDOze Study

Yanbo Zhang  1 , Chin Lun Lin  1 , Kathleen M Weber  2 , Jiaqian Xing  1 , Brandilyn A Peters  1 , Christopher C Sollecito  3 , Evan Grassi  3 , Fanua Wiek  3 , Xiaonan Xue  1 , Eric C Seaberg  4 , Deborah Gustafson  5 , Kathryn Anastos  6 , Anjali Sharma  6 , Helen J Burgess  7 , Robert D Burk  1   3   8   9 , Qibin Qi  1 , Audrey L French  10
Affiliations

Association of Gut Microbiota With Objective Sleep Measures in Women With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: The IDOze Study

Yanbo Zhang et al. J Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Poor sleep health is an underrecognized health challenge, especially for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Gut microbiota related to sleep are underinvestigated.

Methods: The IDOze microbiota substudy included 190 women (114 with HIV and 76 without HIV). Wrist actigraphy measured total sleep duration, sleep efficiency, number of wake bouts, wake after sleep onset, fragmentation index, and sleep timing. 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified gut microbial genera. Analysis of compositions of microbiomes with bias correction was used to investigate cross-sectional associations between gut microbiota and sleep. Abundances of sleep-related gut microbial genera were compared between women with and without HIV.

Results: Enrichment of 7 short-chain fatty acid-producing genera (eg, Butyricimonas, Roseburia, and Blautia) was associated with lower fragmentation index. Enrichment of 9 genera (eg, Dorea) was associated with lower sleep efficiency and/or more wake after sleep onset. Enrichment of proinflammatory Acidaminococcus was associated with late sleep midpoint and offset time. These associations were largely consistent regardless of HIV status. The abundance of Butyricimonas was lower among women with HIV compared to those without HIV.

Conclusions: Seventeen genera were identified to be associated with sleep continuity or timing. Butyricimonas, a potentially beneficial genus associated with sleep continuity, was less abundant among women with HIV.

Keywords: HIV infection; gut microbiota; sleep; women.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest. The institution of E. C. S., K. A., Q. Q., and A. L. F. received support from the NIH. A. S.’s institution received support from Gilead Sciences. H. J. B. serves on the scientific advisory board for Natrol, LLC and Moving Mindz, Pty Ltd, and is a consultant for F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. The above disclosures are all outside the submitted work. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Association of gut microbial genera with sleep measures (analysis of compositions of microbiomes with bias correction). Age, race/ethnicity, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, depressive symptoms, menopausal status, and human immunodeficiency virus status were adjusted. CI, confidence interval; FC, fold change.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Linear associations between analysis of compositions of microbiomes with bias correction (ANCOMBC)–identified gut microbial genera with sleep measures. The associations of the gut microbial genera selected by ANCOMBC with sleep measures were further tested by linear regression with adjustment of covariates in ANCOMBC. Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Relations across sleep-related gut microbial genera. A, Phylogenetic tree of sleep-related gut microbial genera. Stars indicate the genera associated with sleep. B, Correlations across sleep-related gut microbial genera. *P < .05.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Relations across sleep-related gut microbial genera. A, Phylogenetic tree of sleep-related gut microbial genera. Stars indicate the genera associated with sleep. B, Correlations across sleep-related gut microbial genera. *P < .05.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Relative abundance of Butyricimonas and Blautia by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status. Differences across groups were tested by linear regressions with adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, depressive symptoms, and menopausal status.
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