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Observational Study
. 2023 Sep 1;32(5):553-561.
doi: 10.3171/2023.7.PEDS23119. Print 2023 Nov 1.

Palliation for catastrophic nonlocalizing epilepsy: a retrospective case series of complete corpus callosotomy at a single institution

James E Baumgartner  1   2   2   2 , Fatima Q Ajmal  3 , Michael E Baumgartner  4 , Joo Hee Seo  1   5 , Ammar Hussain  1   5 , Michael Westerveld  6 , Holly J Skinner  5 , Angel O Claudio  5 , Elakkat Gireesh  5 , Amy Cummiskey  7 , Lacie Manthripragada  7 , Ki Hyeong Lee  1   5
Affiliations
Observational Study

Palliation for catastrophic nonlocalizing epilepsy: a retrospective case series of complete corpus callosotomy at a single institution

James E Baumgartner et al. J Neurosurg Pediatr. .

Abstract

Objective: In this study, the authors describe their 10-year single-institution experience with single-step complete corpus callosotomy (CCC) for seizure management in pediatric and adult patients with catastrophic, medically refractory, nonlocalizing epilepsy at Advent Health Orlando.

Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective observational study of patients aged 6 months to 49 years who underwent clinically indicated CCC for drug-resistant nonlocalizing epilepsy at Advent Health Orlando between July 2011 and July 2021. Follow-up ranged from 12 months to 10 years.

Results: Of the 101 patients (57% of whom were male) who met eligibility criteria, 81 were pediatric patients and 20 were ≥ 18 years. All patients had seizures that appeared poorly lateralized on both electroencephalograms and clinical semiological studies. Of 54 patients with drop seizures before CCC, 29 (54%) achieved stable freedom from drop seizures after CCC. Of the 101 patients, 14 (13.9%) experienced stable resolution of all types of clinical seizures (International League Against Epilepsy classes 1 and 2). The most common postoperative neurological complication was a transient disconnection syndrome, observed in 50% of patients; of those patients, 73% experienced syndrome resolution within 2 months after surgery, and all resolved by the 2-year follow-up. Formal neuropsychological test results were stable in 13 patients assessed after CCC.

Conclusions: CCC is an effective and well-tolerated palliative surgical technique. In this study, drop attacks were reduced after CCC but could recur for the first time as late as 44 months after surgery. Other seizure types were also reduced postoperatively but could recur for the first time as late as 28 months after surgery. Nearly 14% of patients achieved stable and complete freedom from seizures after CCC. Re-evaluation after CCC can reveal lateralized seizure onset in some patients.

Keywords: Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; corpus callosotomy; disconnection syndrome; epilepsy.

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