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. 2024 May;202(5):1983-1990.
doi: 10.1007/s12011-023-03829-3. Epub 2023 Sep 2.

Serum Magnesium Levels in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Is There a Relationship with Inflammation Status?

Julie Ann Kemp  1 , Isadora K Britto  2 , Marcia Ribeiro  2 , Beatriz Baptista  3 , Drielly C M V Reis  4 , Larissa Fonseca  3 , Paulo Emilio Correa Leite  5 , Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves  6 , Denise Mafra  7   2   3
Affiliations

Serum Magnesium Levels in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Is There a Relationship with Inflammation Status?

Julie Ann Kemp et al. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2024 May.

Abstract

Background: Magnesium (Mg2+) is a fundamental mineral that maintains cellular function, and low levels may be linked to inflammation in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This cross-sectional study evaluated the correlation between serum Mg2+ levels and the inflammatory status in patients undergoing dialysis.

Methods: Two hundred patients with CKD [150 undergoing hemodialysis (HD), 50 (18) years; BMI 24 (4.8) kg/m²; and 50 patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), 54 (17.7) years; BMI, 27.5 (7.3) kg/m²] were included. Serum Mg2+ levels were evaluated using a colourimetric test and commercial kit. Inflammatory markers were assessed by ELISA and multiplex bead-based assay. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated using thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances.

Results: The median serum Mg2+ levels were 2.3 (0.5) mg/dL, and 21% of patients presented Mg2+ deficiency (< 2.07 mg/dL or 0.85 mmol/L). We found no difference in Mg2+ serum levels between the two groups. A significant negative correlation was observed between serum Mg2+ levels and plasma hs-CRP (r =-0.17, p = 0.01), IL-8 (r =-0.35, p = 0.01), and MCP-1 (r =-0.31, p = 0.03) levels.

Conclusion: Mg2+ serum levels were negatively correlated with inflammatory status in patients with CKD on dialysis.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Dialysis; Inflammation; Magnesium.

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