Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023 Oct;52(7):20230284.
doi: 10.1259/dmfr.20230284. Epub 2023 Sep 4.

Applications of artificial intelligence in the analysis of dental panoramic radiographs: an overview of systematic reviews

Natalia Turosz  1 , Kamila Chęcińska  2 , Maciej Chęciński  3 , Anita Brzozowska  4 , Zuzanna Nowak  5 , Maciej Sikora  6   7
Affiliations
Review

Applications of artificial intelligence in the analysis of dental panoramic radiographs: an overview of systematic reviews

Natalia Turosz et al. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Objectives: This overview of systematic reviews aimed to establish the current state of knowledge on the suitability of artificial intelligence (AI) in dental panoramic radiograph analysis and illustrate its changes over time.

Methods: Medical databases covered by the Association for Computing Machinery, Bielefeld Academic Search Engine, Google Scholar, and PubMed engines were searched. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBIS tool. Ultimately, 12 articles were qualified for the qualitative synthesis. The results were visualized with timelines, tables, and charts.

Results: In the years 1988-2023, a significant development of information technologies for the analysis of DPRs was observed. The latest analyzed AI models achieve high accuracy in detecting caries (91.5%), osteoporosis (89.29%), maxillary sinusitis (87.5%), periodontal bone loss (93.09%), and teeth identification and numbering (93.67%). The detection of periapical lesions is also characterized by high sensitivity (99.95%) and specificity (92%). However, due to the small number of heterogeneous source studies synthesized in systematic reviews, the results of this overview should be interpreted with caution.

Conclusion: Currently, AI applications can significantly support dentists in dental panoramic radiograph analysis. As systematic reviews on AI become outdated quickly, their regular updating is recommended. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023416048.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Deep learning; Dental radiography; Overview of reviews; Panoramic radiographs.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The major aspects of artificial intelligence.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Main AI focus in dentistry from 2011 to 2021. AI, artificial intelligence.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
PRIOR flow diagram. PRIOR, Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews of Reviews.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Overlap of periods searched for systematic reviews (* - not specified, presumed time range visualized).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Overlap of primary studies included in systematic reviews.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Risk of bias distribution (Domain 1—study eligibility criteria; Domain 2—identification and selection of studies; Domain 3—data collection and study appraisal; Domain 4—synthesis and findings).
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
The number of reports on teeth identification and numbering and outcome metrics of AI algorithms by years. AI, artificial intelligence.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
The number of reports on detection of periapical lesions and outcome metrics of AI algorithms by years. AI, artificial intelligence.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
The number of reports on detection of periodontal bone loss and outcome metrics of AI algorithms by years. AI, artificial intelligence.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
The number of reports on detection of osteoporosis and outcome metrics of AI algorithms by years. AI, artificial intelligence.
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
The number of reports on detection of maxillary sinusitis and outcome metrics of AI algorithms by years. AI, artificial intelligence.
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
The number of reports on detection of dental caries detection and outcome metrics of AI algorithms by years. AI, artificial intelligence.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. SITNFlash . The History of Artificial Intelligence. Science in the News 2017. Available from: https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2017/history-artificial-intelligence/ (accessed 18 May 2023)
    1. Thurzo A, Urbanová W, Novák B, Czako L, Siebert T, Stano P, et al. . Where is the artificial intelligence applied in dentistry? Health Care (Don Mills) 2022; 10(): 1269. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10071269 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. IBM . What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Available from: https://www.ibm.com/topics/artificial-intelligence (accessed 18 May 2023)
    1. May M. Eight ways machine learning is assisting medicine. Nat Med 2021; 27: 2–3. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-01197-2 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Mohammad-Rahimi H, Nadimi M, Rohban MH, Shamsoddin E, Lee VY, Motamedian SR. Machine learning and orthodontics, current trends and the future opportunities: A Scoping review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2021; 160: 170–92. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.02.013 - DOI - PubMed